基于肿瘤登记的中国过早癌症死亡率
Premature cancer mortality in China based on cancer registry.
文献信息
| PMID | 42984710 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Bingfeng Han |
| 作者单位 | Office for Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. |
| 期刊 | Journal of the National Cancer Center |
| SCI 分区 | Q1 |
| IF | 19.9 |
| 研究类型 | 临床研究 · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 鼻咽癌 |
中文摘要
背景： “健康中国2030”纲要旨在到2030年将主要非传染性疾病的过早死亡率较2015年水平降低30%。在中国，2022年约有257万例癌症相关死亡。基于人群的肿瘤登记对于评估癌症负担和指导政策至关重要。中国国家癌症中心（NCC）定期收集肿瘤登记数据，确保质量控制并报告中国癌症死亡率的全国统计数据。
方法： 2019年，来自中国1073个肿瘤登记处的数据提交至NCC。依据中国和国际指南进行质量控制。使用代表中国人口8.85%的106个连续肿瘤登记处的数据，分析2010年至2019年过早死亡率的时间趋势。采用描述性分析、标化死亡率和Joinpoint回归，按性别和地区分层检查癌症相关死亡。
结果： 2019年，中国癌症过早死亡率为6.67%。肺癌的过早死亡率最高（1.87%），其次是肝癌（1.15%）。在华南地区，肝癌的过早死亡率最高，而肺癌在其他地区居首。鼻咽癌在华南地区的过早死亡率较高。2010年至2019年，癌症过早死亡率呈每年1.9%的显著下降趋势，主要归因于食管癌、胃癌和肝癌的下降。
结论： 过早癌症死亡率在中国仍是一个重要问题，肺癌是主要原因。中国传统高发的消化道癌症仍承载着相当大的过早死亡负担。在癌症预防和控制的历史进程中，总体过早癌症死亡率显著下降，尤其是消化道癌症。未来，必须针对不同癌症制定量身定制的筛查、早期诊断和早期治疗策略，以实现降低过早癌症死亡率和增进人群健康的目标。
英文摘要
BACKGROUND: The "Healthy China 2030" outline aims to reduce premature mortality from major non-communicable diseases by 30% by 2030 compared to the levels in 2015. In China, approximately 2.57 million cancer-related deaths occurred in 2022. Population-based cancer registries are crucial for assessing cancer burdens and guiding policy. The National Cancer Center (NCC) of China regularly collects cancer registry data, ensures quality control and reports the nationwide statistics on cancer mortality in China.
METHODS: Data from 1073 cancer registries in China were submitted to the NCC in 2019. Quality control was conducted based on Chinese and international guidelines. Temporal trends in premature mortality rates from 2010 to 2019 were analyzed using data from 106 continuous cancer registries representing 8.85% of the Chinese population. Descriptive analysis, standardized mortality rates, and Joinpoint Regression were used to examine cancer-related deaths stratified by sex and area.
RESULTS: In 2019, the premature mortality rate from cancer in China was 6.67%. Lung cancer had the highest premature mortality rate (1.87%), followed by liver cancer (1.15%). In South China, liver cancer had the highest premature mortality rate, while lung cancer led in other regions. Nasopharyngeal cancer had a higher premature mortality rate in South China. From 2010 to 2019, a significant decreasing trend of 1.9% per year was observed in premature cancer mortality, primarily due to declines in esophageal, stomach, and liver cancers.
CONCLUSIONS: Premature cancer mortality remains a significant issue in China, with lung cancer being the leading cause. Traditionally high-incidence digestive tract cancers in China still carried a substantial burden of premature mortality. Throughout the history of cancer prevention and control, there has been a notable decline in overall premature cancer mortality, particularly for cancers of the digestive tract. In the future, it is imperative to develop tailored screening, early diagnosis, and early treatment strategies for different cancers in order to achieve the goal of reducing premature cancer mortality and enhancing the health of the population.