青少年运动相关脑震荡：流行病学、评估、管理与重返运动

文献信息

中文摘要

背景： 儿童和青少年运动相关脑震荡的准确诊断和适当管理是医疗保健提供者的高度优先事项。运动相关脑震荡仍然是一种临床诊断。在急性环境中，运动脑震荡评估工具5/运动脑震荡评估工具6等场边工具最有价值，而在临床环境中，这些评估工具可作为全面病史和体格检查（包括前庭眼动筛查）的辅助手段。管理包括短暂的相对休息，随后采取个体化方法重返学校 and 运动，这在很大程度上取决于症状。恢复还应通过良好的睡眠、补水和营养来支持。对于症状持续超过30天的患者，针对潜在因素的多学科、有针对性的方法有助于改善 prolonged 恢复。

英文摘要

The accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of sports-related concussions in children and adolescents are high priorities for healthcare providers. Sports-related concussion remains a clinical diagnosis. In the acute setting, sideline tools such as the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5/Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 6 are most valuable, and in the clinical setting, these assessment tools can serve as adjuncts to a comprehensive history and physical examination, including vestibular ocular motor screening. Management includes brief relative rest followed by an individualized approach for return to school and sport that is largely dependent on symptoms. Recovery also should be supported by good sleep, hydration, and nutrition. For patients with prolonged symptoms persisting beyond 30 days, a multidisciplinary, targeted approach to address underlying factors contributes to prolonged recovery.