音乐家的职业噪声暴露与听力结局
Occupational Noise Exposure and Hearing Outcomes in Musicians.
文献信息
| PMID | 42976016 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 日期未报告 |
| 作者 | Meredith Kossoff |
| 作者单位 | Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. |
| 期刊 | Noise & health |
| SCI 分区 | Q3 |
| IF | 2 |
| 研究类型 | 综述 Meta · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 耳科 |
中文摘要
职业性噪声暴露是音乐家整个职业生涯各阶段面临的重大健康风险。反复暴露于高声压级使音乐家面临噪声性听力损失及其他听力相关问题的风险增加。本综述综合了关于音乐家噪声相关听力损失的现有文献，以考察职业噪声暴露、听力相关结局、听力防护装置的认识与使用，以及对音乐家的教育与支持。现有证据表明，音乐家经常暴露于达到或超过既定职业健康标准的声压级，其暴露程度因乐器类型和在乐团中的位置而异。这些暴露使音乐家面临听觉损害的风险，表现为更高的听力损失和听力相关问题的发生率。尽管部分人群对这些风险有所认识，但听力防护装置的使用率仍然较低，并受到对演奏质量、舒适度和必要性认知的担忧所影响。教育举措已显示出提高听觉健康知识的潜力；然而，知识缺口依然存在。噪声暴露的监管标准仅适用于职业音乐家，且并非基于音乐家所经历的独特暴露模式。音乐家是噪声性听力损失的高危人群，需要扩大教育、改进职业暴露指南并广泛实施预防策略，以更好地保护其听觉健康。
英文摘要
Occupational exposure to noise represents a significant health risk for musicians across all stages of their careers. Repeated exposure to elevated sound levels places musicians at increased risk for noise-induced hearing loss and other hearing-related complaints. This review synthesizes the existing literature regarding noise-related hearing loss in musicians in order to examine occupational noise exposure, hearing-related outcomes, perceptions and use of hearing protection devices, and education and support for musicians. Available evidence demonstrates that musicians are routinely exposed to sound levels meeting or exceeding established occupational health standards, with variability in exposure based on instrument type and location within the ensemble. These exposures put musicians at risk of auditory harm, as represented by higher rates of hearing loss and hearing-related complaints. Despite awareness of these risks in some cohorts, use of hearing protection remains low and is influenced by concerns regarding performance quality, comfort, and perceived necessity. Educational initiatives have shown promise in increasing knowledge on auditory health; however, knowledge gaps persist. Regulatory standards of noise exposure are only applied to professional musicians and are not based on the unique exposure patterns experienced by musicians. Musicians represent a high-risk group for noise-induced hearing loss, and expanded education, improved occupational exposure guidelines, and widespread implementation of preventative strategies are needed to better protect their auditory health.