通过电话或在线方式对美国成年人进行的美国国家听力测试结果：面向有兴趣检测听力的成年人

文献信息

中文摘要

目的： 呈现美国国家听力测试（NHT）电话版和在线版的结果，该测试是一种可在美国使用的三位数字噪声中言语测试，适用于大型成人便利样本。
设计： 呈现2013年至2025年所有选择参加该测试者的NHT结果。还使用单独的校准数据集，呈现由NHT预测PTA4（500、1000、2000和4000 Hz纯音平均听阈）的回归分析。
研究样本： 自愿受试者的数据来自2013年至2025年通过电话实施NHT的170,856名成人（336,372耳），或来自2025年在线测试的11,208名成人（22,259耳），所有受试者均因担心自身听力而自我选择参加。参与者年龄范围为18至99岁，约60%为女性。
结果： 对基于电话和在线NHT数据集的分析均发现，测试结果存在较大的年龄相关差异，而性别和耳别的影响非常小。两个具有完整听力图的校准数据集的PTA4预测模型发现，对听力损失的识别具有合理准确性。
结论： NHT的两个版本均对听力损失提供了合理准确的识别。

英文摘要

OBJECTIVE: To present the results from the telephone and online versions of the National Hearing Test (NHT), a triple-digit speech-in-noise test available in the U.S., for large convenience samples of adults.
DESIGN: NHT results from everyone who chose to take the test from 2013 to 2025 are presented. Regression analyses for the prediction of PTA4 (pure-tone average for 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz) from the NHT are also presented, using separate calibration datasets.
STUDY SAMPLE: Data from voluntary test takers were either from the telephone administration of the NHT from 2013 to 2025 to 170,856 adults (336,372 ears) or from online testing in 2025 with 11,208 adults (22,259 ears) all of whom were self-selected through concerns about their hearing. Participant age ranged from 18 to 99 years and about 60% were females.
RESULTS: Analyses of both the telephone-based and online NHT datasets found large age-related differences in test results, whereas the effects of sex and ear were very small. The predictive models for PTA4 for the two calibration datasets with complete audiograms found reasonably accurate identification of hearing loss.
CONCLUSIONS: Both versions of the NHT provided reasonably accurate identification of hearing loss.