COVID-19大流行对成人急性中耳炎伴并发症的发病率、严重程度及病原谱的影响
Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence, severity, and pathogen spectrum of acute otitis media with complications in adults.
文献信息
| PMID | 42966808 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Richard Menegotto |
| 作者单位 | Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, HOCH Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Rorschacher Strasse 95, Building 04, St. Gallen, 9007, Switzerland. richard.menegotto@h-och.ch. |
| 期刊 | European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery |
| SCI 分区 | Q1 |
| IF | 2.3 |
| 研究类型 | 临床研究 · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 耳科 |
中文摘要
目的： 本研究旨在探讨COVID-19大流行对（1）急性中耳炎（AOM）伴并发症的发病率、（2）并发症的发病率及严重程度、以及（3）病原谱的影响。
方法： 在瑞士一家三级医疗及转诊医院开展的单中心回顾性队列分析。纳入在大流行前（大流行前期：2014年1月1日至2020年1月31日）、大流行期间（大流行期：2020年2月1日至2022年3月31日）及COVID-19大流行后（大流行后期：2022年4月1日至2024年9月1日）被诊断为AOM并发症的成年患者。为分析瑞士全国发病率，使用了由瑞士联邦统计局提供的全国住院数据库数据。
结果： 队列分析共纳入90例患者。在我们的队列中，从大流行前期至大流行后期，AOM伴并发症的发病率从1.46/10万人年显著增加至2.60/10万人年（IRR 1.78，95% CI 1.15-2.76；p = 0.009）。这一发现与全国发病率趋势一致。在我们的队列中，急性乳突炎的发病率从大流行前期至大流行后期从0.18/10万人年显著增加至0.69/10万人年（IRR 3.77，95% CI 1.20-12.86；p = 0.017）。在我们的队列中，各时期之间在手术治疗需求或病原谱方面未观察到显著差异。
结论： 我们的数据显示，与COVID-19隔离措施解除前相比，解除后AOM伴并发症显著增加，并呈现向更严重并发症转变的趋势。
英文摘要
PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on (1) the incidence of acute otitis media (AOM) with complications, (2) the incidence and severity of complications, and (3) the spectrum of pathogens.
METHODS: Monocentric retrospective cohort analysis in a tertiary care and referral hospital in Switzerland. Adult patients diagnosed with complications of AOM before (pre-pandemic period: 01.01.2014 to 31.01.2020), during (pandemic period: 01.02.2020 to 31.03.2022) and after the COVID-19 pandemic (post-pandemic period: 01.04.2022 to 01.09.2024) were included. To analyze the nationwide incidence in Switzerland, data from a national hospitalization database provided by the Swiss Federal Statistical Office were used.
RESULTS: Ninety patients were included in the cohort analysis. A significant increase in the incidence of AOM with complications was observed in our cohort from the pre-pandemic to the post-pandemic period from 1.46 to 2.60/100'000 person-years (IRR 1.78, 95% CI 1.15-2.76; p = 0.009). This finding was consistent with nationwide incidence trends. The incidence of acute mastoiditis in our cohort increased significantly from the pre-pandemic to the post-pandemic period from 0.18 to 0.69/100'000 person-years (IRR 3.77, 95% CI 1.20-12.86; p = 0.017). No significant differences in the requirement of surgical treatment or in the pathogen spectrum were observed in our cohort between periods.
CONCLUSION: Our data showed a significant increase in AOM with complications following the lifting of COVID-19 isolation measures compared to pre-pandemic numbers with a shift towards more severe complications.