晚期痴呆的喂养决策：一项横断面研究中照护者与护理技师的信念
Feeding decisions in advanced dementia: beliefs of caregivers and nursing technicians in a cross-sectional study.
文献信息
| PMID | 42956695 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Laura Rossi da Motta |
| 作者单位 | Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Undergraduate Program in Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Franciscana (UFN), Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Maria, Brazil. Electronic address: laurarossimotta@gmail.com. |
| 期刊 | Geriatric nursing (New York, N.Y.) |
| SCI 分区 | Q1 |
| IF | 3.2 |
| 研究类型 | 临床研究 · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 咽喉科 |
中文摘要
目的： 评估巴西里奥格兰德杜苏尔州最大女性长期照护机构之一中，照护者对晚期痴呆患者喂养管理的信念与认知。
方法： 采用观察性、横断面、探索性研究设计，使用自填问卷，对象为该机构工作的照护者与护理技师。
结果： 在受访者中，78.7%认为鼻胃管喂养是唯一的营养治疗选择。此外，70.2%认为经口舒适喂养是一种加速死亡的干预，85.1%认为缺乏人工营养将不可避免地导致死亡。还有51.1%同意人工喂养可降低误吸、压力性损伤和住院风险，并提供舒适和延长生命，尽管科学文献缺乏支持证据。值得注意的是，66%的参与者报告曾接受过晚期痴呆喂养管理的培训。
结论： 这些发现突显了照护者与护理技师的认知和循证实践在晚期痴呆喂养方面存在不一致。显然需要有针对性的教育和持续培训项目，以促进知情决策并支持对这一脆弱人群的循证照护。
英文摘要
OBJECTIVE: To assess the beliefs and perceptions of caregivers regarding feeding management in patients with advanced dementia at one of the largest female long-term care institution in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
METHODS: An observational, cross-sectional, exploratory study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire applied to caregivers and nursing technicians working at the institution.
RESULTS: Among respondents, 78.7% believed that nasogastric tube feeding was the only therapeutic option for nutrition. Additionally, 70.2% considered oral comfort feeding to be an intervention that hastens death, and 85.1% believed that the absence of artificial nutrition would inevitably lead to death. Furthermore, 51.1% agreed that artificial feeding reduces the risk of aspiration, pressure injuries, and hospitalizations, as well as providing comfort and prolonging life, despite the lack of supporting evidence in the scientific literature. Notably, 66% of participants reported having received prior training on feeding management in advanced dementia.
CONCLUSION: These findings highlight inconsistencies between the perceptions of caregivers and nursing technicians and evidence-based practices regarding feeding in advanced dementia. There is a clear need for targeted education and continuous training programs to promote informed decision-making and support evidence-informed care for this vulnerable population.