自闭症个体从童年到青春期家长报告感觉加工模式的纵向变化：一项来自土耳其的长期随访研究

文献信息

中文摘要

未标注： 感觉加工差异在自闭症个体中很常见，并可能随发育而变化。然而，描述这些模式在童年向青春期过渡期间如何演变的纵向证据仍然有限。本纵向研究考察了54名自闭症个体在大约6年间隔评估中家长报告的感觉加工模式变化。感觉加工在童年期使用土耳其版感觉 Profile 评估，在青春期使用青少年/成人感觉 Profile 评估。在童年期，平均分数表明在所有四个象限中可能存在或明确存在感觉加工差异：低注册、感觉寻求、感觉敏感和感觉回避。到青春期，平均分数仅在感觉寻求象限表明存在感觉加工差异，提示其他象限的差异已变得不那么明显。在各感觉领域中，听觉加工和多感觉加工/活动水平在童年与青春期之间显示相对稳定，而视觉、触觉、口腔和前庭加工的差异随年龄增长变得不那么明显。
结论： 这些发现提供了纵向证据，表明家长报告的感觉加工模式可能在童年向青春期过渡期间发生变化，而某些感觉领域保持相对稳定。因此，对感觉加工特征进行定期的、发育适宜的重新评估可能很重要，有助于识别不断变化的感觉需求，并为自闭症青少年的个体化支持和干预规划提供信息。
已知： • 感觉加工差异在自闭症个体中很常见，但关于这些模式从童年到青春期如何变化的纵向证据仍然有限。• 感觉加工特征可能因发育阶段而异，并可能影响日常参与和支持需求。
新发现： • 在约6年的随访中，家长报告的感觉加工模式从童年到青春期发生了变化，而听觉和多感觉加工/活动水平保持相对稳定。• 跨发育阶段的定期重新评估可能有助于识别当前的感觉需求，并确保支持和便利措施与年轻人的感觉特征保持一致。

英文摘要

UNLABELLED: Sensory processing differences are common among autistic individuals and may change across development. However, longitudinal evidence describing how these patterns evolve during the transition from childhood to adolescence remains limited. This longitudinal study examined changes in parent-reported sensory processing patterns in 54 autistic individuals assessed approximately 6 years apart. Sensory processing was evaluated using the Turkish versions of the Sensory Profile in childhood and the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile in adolescence. During childhood, mean scores indicated probable or definite sensory processing differences across all four quadrants: low registration, sensation seeking, sensory sensitivity, and sensation avoiding. By adolescence, mean scores indicated sensory processing differences only in the sensation-seeking quadrant, suggesting that differences in the other quadrants had become less pronounced. Across sensory domains, auditory processing and multisensory processing/activity level showed relative stability between childhood and adolescence, whereas differences in visual, touch, oral, and vestibular processing became less pronounced with age.
CONCLUSION: These findings provide longitudinal evidence that parent-reported sensory processing patterns may change during the transition from childhood to adolescence, while some sensory domains remain relatively stable. Periodic, developmentally appropriate reassessment of sensory processing characteristics may therefore be important for identifying changing sensory needs and informing individualized support and intervention planning for autistic adolescents.
WHAT IS KNOWN: • Sensory processing differences are common in autistic individuals, but longitudinal evidence on how these patterns change from childhood to adolescence remains limited. • Sensory processing characteristics may vary across developmental stages and can influence everyday participation and support needs.
WHAT IS NEW: • Over approximately 6 years of follow-up, parent-reported sensory processing patterns changed from childhood to adolescence, while auditory and multisensory processing/activity level remained relatively stable. • Periodic reassessment across development may help identify current sensory needs and ensure that supports and accommodations remain aligned with the young person's sensory profile.