前庭电图生物标志物可将精神分裂症与健康对照区分开来：对多巴胺假说的启示

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中文摘要

目的： 既往研究表明，帕金森病的前庭电图（EVestG）生物标志物对多巴胺水平敏感。鉴于精神分裂症（SCZ）的多巴胺假说，我们记录了45例SCZ个体和36名健康对照的EVestG信号，以评估EVestG能否区分这两个人群。
方法： 提取源自场电位（FP）和放电模式间期直方图（IH33）——两项主要EVestG结局——的特征，并用于对两组进行分类。
结果： 使用朴素贝叶斯分类器，我们获得了78%的交叉验证准确率。尽管几乎所有SCZ参与者都在服用抗精神病药物，其中大多数具有高（n = 21）或部分（n = 4）多巴胺D2受体亲和力（这预期会减弱多巴胺能信号），仍达到了这一分类性能。对使用高亲和力（N = 15）和低亲和力（N = 15）D2药物的SCZ亚组进行探索性分离，在FP特征上得以实现（p = 0.027）。
结论： 源自EVestG信号静态和动态片段的特征在SCZ中均发生改变；来自动态片段的特征——其对前庭系统施加更大的代谢需求——显示出比静态片段更明显的组间差异。

英文摘要

OBJECTIVES: Previous studies have demonstrated that Electrovestibulography (EVestG) biomarkers for Parkinson's Disease are sensitive to dopamine levels. Given the dopamine hypothesis of Schizophrenia (SCZ), we recorded EVestG signals from 45 individuals with SCZ and 36 healthy controls to evaluate whether EVestG can differentiate these populations.
METHODS: Features derived from field potentials (FP) and firing pattern interval histograms (IH33)-the two primary EVestG outcomes-were extracted and used to classify the two groups.
RESULTS: We achieved a 78% cross-validated accuracy using a Naïve Bayes classifier. This classification performance was achieved despite nearly all SCZ participants being on antipsychotic medications with most on high (n = 21) or partial (n = 4) dopamine D2 receptor affinity, which would be expected to attenuate the dopaminergic signal. The exploratory separation of SCZ the sub-groups on high (N = 15) and low affinity (N = 15) D2 medications was achieved for the FP feature (p = 0.027).
CONCLUSIONS: Features derived from both static and dynamic segments of the EVestG signal were altered in SCZ; features from dynamic segments-which impose greater metabolic demand on the vestibular system-showed more pronounced group differences than those from static segments.