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社区居住老年人中颈戴式电子听诊器测量的吞咽相关时间及其与年龄、性别和咀嚼功能的关联

Swallowing-Related Time Measured by a Neck-Worn Electronic Stethoscope and Its Associations With Age, Sex, and Masticatory Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

临床研究咽喉科IF 3.3Q2

文献信息

PMID42947443
原文在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗
发表日期2026
作者Maki Shirobe
查看其他 7 位作者

Masanori Iwasaki；Keiko Motokawa；Tatsunosuke Gomi；Tsuyoshi Okamura；Hiroyuki Sasai；Kenji Suzuki；Hirohiko Hirano

作者单位Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
查看其他 4 条单位信息

Division of Dental Public Health, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.；Institute of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.；PLIMES, Inc., Ibaraki, Japan.；Oral Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.

期刊Geriatrics & gerontology international
SCI 分区Q2
IF3.3
研究类型临床研究 · 临床
所属专科咽喉科

中文摘要

引言： 社区居住老年人吞咽功能的客观评估仍然具有挑战性。颈戴式电子听诊器（NWES）可无创测量吞咽相关时间。本研究旨在探讨NWES衍生的吞咽相关时间指标的年龄和性别差异及其与咀嚼功能的关系。
方法： 纳入2024年板桥老龄化纵向研究的老年人。使用NWES测量吞咽相关时间，包括咽清除时间（PCT），代表饮水吞咽时咽期吞咽的持续时间，以及口腔处理与吞咽时间（OPST），反映咀嚼饼干时从口腔处理到吞咽完成的持续时间。咀嚼功能采用软糖测试评估。
结果： 共纳入462名参与者（平均年龄76.1±3.4岁）。男性PCT中位数（四分位距）为0.88（0.70-1.01）秒，女性为0.75（0.61-0.92）秒；相应的OPST值分别为34.51（28.89-42.93）秒和43.46（34.33-54.09）秒。男性PCT显著更长，而女性OPST显著更长。OPST与年龄相关，男性r=0.17，女性r=0.20。咀嚼功能与PCT在两种性别中均无显著关联。在调整年龄、体重指数、功能牙数、卒中史和PCT后，较高的咀嚼功能评分仅与男性较短的OPST显著相关（B=-0.67）。
结论： NWES衍生的PCT和OPST与年龄和咀嚼功能表现出不同的关联，OPST在两种性别中均与年龄相关，而仅在男性中与咀嚼功能相关。PCT和OPST可能为评估老年人口腔处理表现提供实用方法。

英文摘要

INTRODUCTION: Objective assessment of swallowing function in community-dwelling older adults remains challenging. A neck-worn electronic stethoscope (NWES) can measure swallowing-related time noninvasively. This study aimed to examine age- and sex-related differences in NWES-derived swallowing-related time metrics and their relationship with masticatory function.
METHODS: Older adults from the Itabashi Longitudinal Study on Aging in 2024 were included. Swallowing-related time was measured using NWES as pharyngeal clearance time (PCT), representing the duration of pharyngeal swallowing during water swallowing, and oral processing and swallowing time (OPST), reflecting the duration from oral processing to swallowing completion during cracker ingestion. Masticatory function was assessed using a gummy jelly test.
RESULTS: Four hundred and sixty-two participants (mean age 76.1 ± 3.4 years) were included. Median (interquartile range) PCT was 0.88 (0.70-1.01) s in men and 0.75 (0.61-0.92) s in women; corresponding OPST values were 34.51 (28.89-42.93) and 43.46 (34.33-54.09) s, respectively. PCT was significantly longer in men, whereas OPST was significantly longer in women. OPST correlated with age in men (r = 0.17) and women (r = 0.20). Masticatory function was not significantly associated with PCT in either sex. After adjustment for age, body mass index, number of functional teeth, stroke history, and PCT, higher masticatory function scores were significantly associated with shorter OPST only in men (B = -0.67).
CONCLUSION: NWES-derived PCT and OPST showed different associations with age and masticatory function, with OPST associated with age in both sexes and with masticatory function in men. PCT and OPST may offer practical approaches for evaluating oral processing performance in older adults.