围绝经期和绝经后女性鼻窦症状与健康相关生活质量的关联

文献信息

中文摘要

目的： 绝经过渡期的特征是雌激素水平逐渐下降。这可能引发鼻窦黏膜的生理性改变，并可能导致出现影响女性生活质量的鼻窦症状。本研究探讨无慢性鼻窦炎的围绝经期和绝经后女性中鼻窦结局测试-22（SNOT-22）评分与健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）之间的关联。
方法： 通过REDCap数据库开展横断面调查，以电子邮件方式提供给年龄≥40岁的女性。共有901名女性符合参与条件。调查工具涵盖：i）年龄、绝经状态、绝经年龄、吸烟状况、慢性鼻窦炎诊断或既往鼻部手术、药物使用（用于动脉性高血压、甲状腺功能减退、抑郁、失眠、过敏或哮喘）、特别是非甾体抗炎药的使用，以及绝经激素治疗的使用；ii）SNOT-22，用于评估鼻窦症状；以及iii）Cervantes简表（Cervantes SF），用于评估HRQoL。
结果： SNOT-22的总体平均评分为34.8 ± 18.7。围绝经期与绝经后女性在SNOT-22的鼻部（p = 0.003）和情绪（p = 0.008）维度上存在显著差异。SNOT-22总分与以下Cervantes SF维度评分之间存在相关性：1，绝经与健康（r = 0.710；p < 0.001）；2，心理（r = 0.706；p < 0.001）；3，性功能（r = -0.091；p = 0.006）；以及4，伴侣关系（r = -0.129；p < 0.001）。较高的SNOT-22总分与较差的HRQoL独立相关（β = 0.432；95% CI = 0.399-0.465）。
结论： 无慢性鼻窦炎的围绝经期和绝经后女性在SNOT-22量表上均得分较高。围绝经期与绝经后女性在SNOT-22鼻部和情绪维度上存在差异。较高的SNOT-22总分与较差的HRQoL之间存在独立关联。

英文摘要

OBJECTIVE: The menopausal transition is characterized by a progressive decline in estrogen levels. This can trigger physiological alterations in the sinonasal mucosa and potentially lead to the development of sinonasal symptoms affecting women's quality of life. Our study examines associations between scores on the Sinonasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in peri- and postmenopausal women without chronic rhinosinusitis.
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey, conducted via the REDCap database, was offered by email to women aged ≥40 years. A total of 901 women were eligible for participation. The survey instrument covered: i) age, menopause status, age at menopause, smoking status, diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis or prior nasal surgery, use of medications (for arterial hypertension, hypothyroidism, depression, insomnia, allergies or asthma), use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs specifically, and use of menopausal hormone therapy; ii) the SNOT-22, which was included to evaluate sinonasal symptoms; and iii) the Cervantes Short-Form scale (Cervantes SF), to assess HRQoL.
RESULTS: The overall mean score on the SNOT-22 was 34.8 ± 18.7. There were significant differences in the SNOT-22 domains nasal (p = 0.003) and emotion (p = 0.008) between peri- and postmenopausal women. There were correlations between total SNOT-22 score and scores on the following Cervantes SF domains: 1, Menopause and health (r = 0.710; p < 0.001); 2, Psychological (r = 0.706; p < 0.001); 3, Sexuality (r = -0.091; p = 0.006); and 4, Couple relations (r = -0.129; p < 0.001). A higher SNOT-22 total score was independently associated with poorer HRQoL (β = 0.432; 95% CI = 0.399-0.465).
CONCLUSIONS: Both peri- and postmenopausal women without chronic rhinosinusitis had high scores on the SNOT-22 scale. There were differences between peri- and postmenopausal women in the SNOT-22 nasal and emotion domains. There was an independent association between a higher SNOT-22 total score and a poor HRQoL.