Article record

65岁及以上患者的内在能力下降与自评健康：挪威全科诊所候诊室的一项调查

Intrinsic capacity decline and self-rated health in patients ≥ 65 years: a survey in general practice waiting rooms in Norway.

临床研究耳科IF 2.1Q2

文献信息

PMID	42937179
原文	在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗
发表日期	2026
作者	Isabel Sebjørnsen 查看其他 8 位作者 Marit Stordal Bakken；Stefán Hjörleifsson；Øystein Hetlevik；Gunnar Tschudi Bondevik；Camilla Berg-Utby；Trygve Skonnord；Anja Maria Brænd；Maria Romøren
作者单位	National Centre for Emergency Primary Health Care, NORCE Research, Bergen, Norway. 查看其他 6 条单位信息 Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.；Department of Medicine, Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway.；Section for General Practice, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.；Østre Agder Inter-municipal Cooperation, Agder, Norway.；Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.；General Practice Research Unit, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
期刊	Scandinavian journal of primary health care
SCI 分区	Q2
IF	2.1
研究类型	临床研究 · 临床
所属专科	耳科

中文摘要

目的： 考察挪威全科诊所老年人群中内在能力（IC）下降的患病率及相关因素。其次，评估IC下降与自评健康（SRH）的关系。
设计与场所： 2025年在挪威全科诊所候诊室进行的调查检查。
参与者： 年龄≥65岁的成年人。
测量： 使用改良版老年人整合照护（ICOPE）第1步筛查工具评估六个领域（认知、活动能力、活力、视力、听力和心理幸福感）的IC下降。SRH采用Likert量表记录。采用Poisson回归分析人口学协变量与IC下降之间、以及IC下降与不良SRH之间的关联。
结果： 研究纳入2154名应答者（54%为女性）；44%年龄65-74岁，44%年龄75-84岁，11%≥85岁。IC下降的总体患病率为60%。听力损失（31%）、活动受限（23%）和营养不良（21%）最为突出。在各领域中，下降与较高年龄和经济困难相关。至少1个领域下降的个体更可能报告不良SRH（RR 4.51，95% CI 3.05-6.67），且可能性随受影响领域数量增加而升高。抑郁症状和活动受限与不良SRH的独立关联最强（分别为RR 3.84，95% CI 2.92-5.05和RR 2.55，95% CI 1.94-3.35）。
结论： IC方法似乎适用于挪威全科诊所。我们的发现突出了在日益增长的老年人群中维持功能的重要目标领域。ICOPE能否以及如何整合到挪威初级保健中需要进一步研究。

英文摘要

OBJECTIVES: To examine the prevalence of, and factors associated with, intrinsic capacity (IC) decline among older adults in Norwegian general practice. Second, to assess how IC decline relates to self-rated health (SRH).
DESIGN AND SETTING: Survey examination in general practice waiting rooms in Norway in 2025.
PARTICIPANTS: Adults aged ≥ 65 years.
MEASUREMENTS: IC decline within six domains (cognition, locomotion, vitality, vision, hearing and psychological well-being) was assessed using a modified version of the Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) Step 1 screening tool. SRH was recorded on a Likert scale. Poisson regression was used to examine associations between demographic covariates and IC decline, and between IC decline and poor SRH.
RESULTS: The study included 2154 respondents (54% females); 44% aged 65-74, 44% aged 75-84 and 11% ≥ 85 years. The overall prevalence of IC decline was 60%. Hearing loss (31%), limited mobility (23%) and malnutrition (21%) were predominant. Across domains, decline was associated with higher age and financial difficulties. Individuals with decline in ≥ 1 domain(s) were more likely to report poor SRH (RR 4.51, 95% CI 3.05-6.67), and likelihood increased by number of affected domains. Depressive symptoms and limited mobility showed the strongest independent associations with poor SRH (RR 3.84, 95% CI 2.92-5.05 and RR 2.55, 95% CI 1.94-3.35, respectively).
CONCLUSION: The IC approach appears relevant to Norwegian general practice. Our findings highlight important target areas for preserving function in a growing older population. Whether and how ICOPE can be integrated into Norwegian primary care requires further study.