Article record

老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者领域特异性口腔功能减退：一项病例对照研究

Domain-Specific Oral Hypofunction in Older Adults With Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: A Case-Control Study.

临床研究咽喉科IF 3.8Q1

文献信息

PMID	42933905
原文	在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗
发表日期	2026
作者	Yen-Chin Chen 查看其他 6 位作者 Cheng-Yu Lin；Yung-Che Chen；Le-Trinh Lam；Linlin Lindayani；Yu-Fen Yen；Yen-Hsu Chen
作者单位	Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. 查看其他 12 条单位信息 Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan.；School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.；Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.；Sleep Medicine Center, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.；Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.；University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.；STIKep PPNI Jawa Barat, Bandung, Indonesia.；Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, School of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.；Chewing and Swallowing Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.；Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.；School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, Center of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.；Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu, Taiwan.
期刊	Journal of oral rehabilitation
SCI 分区	Q1
IF	3.8
研究类型	临床研究 · 临床
所属专科	咽喉科

中文摘要

背景： 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）与吞咽困难和舌肌功能障碍相关，但其与多维口腔功能减退的关系仍不明确。
目的： 本研究探讨经多导睡眠图确诊的OSA是否与老年人群领域特异性口腔功能减退相关。
方法： 本病例对照研究纳入年龄≥50岁的成年人。OSA定义为呼吸暂停低通气指数≥5次/小时，对照定义为OSA低风险（STOP-Bang<3）。口腔功能减退按七个领域进行评估。进行了按性别分层分析和多变量logistic回归模型。
结果： 共纳入288名参与者（OSA组：n=69；对照组：n=219）。与对照组相比，OSA参与者的口腔卫生更差（p<0.001）、口腔干燥更严重（p=0.005）且舌压更低（p=0.022）。相反，咬合力和咀嚼功能下降在对照组中更为常见。校正分析显示，OSA与口腔功能减退独立相关（校正比值比[aOR]=2.49，95%CI：1.07-5.81）、口腔卫生差（aOR=4.02）、口腔干燥（aOR=4.24）和舌压降低（aOR=4.95）。两性均观察到相似的口腔环境损害，而舌压降低在男性中更为明显。
结论： OSA与口腔环境受损和舌压降低相关。这些发现提示，口腔功能评估，尤其是舌压测量，可能补充老年OSA患者的临床评估，并有助于识别吞咽功能受损风险增加的个体。
试验注册： ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT05977296。

英文摘要

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has been associated with dysphagia and tongue muscle dysfunction, but its relationship with multidimensional oral hypofunction remains unclear.
OBJECTIVES: This study examined whether polysomnography-confirmed OSA is associated with domain-specific oral hypofunction in older adults.
METHODS: In this case-control study, adults aged ≥ 50 years were included. OSA was defined as an apnoea-hypopnea index ≥ 5 events/h, while controls were defined as having low OSA risk (STOP-Bang < 3). Oral hypofunction was assessed across seven domains. Sex-stratified analyses and multivariable logistic regression models were performed.
RESULTS: A total of 288 participants were included (OSA: n = 69; controls: n = 219). Compared with controls, participants with OSA demonstrated poorer oral hygiene (p < 0.001), greater oral dryness (p = 0.005) and lower tongue pressure (p = 0.022). In contrast, declines in occlusal force and chewing function were more prevalent in controls. Adjusted analyses showed that OSA was independently associated with oral hypofunction (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.07-5.81), poor oral hygiene (aOR = 4.02), oral dryness (aOR = 4.24) and reduced tongue pressure (aOR = 4.95). Similar oral environmental impairments were observed across both sexes, while tongue pressure reduction was more pronounced in males.
CONCLUSIONS: OSA is associated with impaired oral environment and reduced tongue pressure. These findings suggest that oral function assessment, particularly tongue pressure measurement, may complement the clinical evaluation of older adults with OSA and help identify individuals at increased risk of swallowing impairment.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05977296.