人工耳蜗的能量效率：电极设计与激活时机的影响

文献信息

中文摘要

目的： 评估电极类型和激活时机对人工耳蜗（CI）使用者电池性能的影响。
设计： 在2019年至2023年间于一家三级中心接受植入的39例CI受者（57耳）中开展了一项回顾性横断面研究。参与者按电极类型分为Slim Modiolar/蜗轴周围（PM）组与Slim Straight/侧壁（LW）组，并按激活时机分为早期（1-5天）组与晚期（3-6周）组。在激活时以及激活后1、3、6和12个月五个时间点评估电池性能（标准电池、标准可充电电池、紧凑型可充电电池）。数据采用Mann-Whitney U检验进行分析。
结果： 在12个月随访期内，电池寿命逐渐下降。平均而言，标准电池下降约16小时（约35%），标准可充电电池下降7-9小时（约30-35%），紧凑型可充电电池下降3-4小时（约30-35%）。这一趋势在各激活组和电极类型中一致，尽管绝对值因配置不同而略有差异。标准电池始终优于可充电选项。早期激活与激活后1个月时标准电池的能耗显著更高相关（中位数：35 vs. 45小时；p = 0.032），此后无持续差异。长期来看，PM电极在12个月时对标准电池（p = 0.016）、标准可充电电池（p = 0.005*）和紧凑型可充电电池（p = 0.001*）均表现出显著更长的电池寿命。
结论： 电池消耗主要受电极设计影响，PM电极显示出更优的能量效率。尽管早期激活会增加短期电池使用，但不影响长期消耗。这些发现支持选择PM电极以提升设备效率和用户体验。

英文摘要

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of electrode type and time of activation on battery performance in cochlear implant (CI) users.
DESIGN: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 39 CI recipients (57 ears) implanted between 2019 and 2023 at a tertiary center. Participants were grouped based on electrode type, Slim Modiolar/Perimodiolar (PM) vs. Slim Straight/Lateral Wall (LW) and activation timing, early (1-5 days) vs. late (3-6 weeks). Battery performance (standard, standard rechargeable, compact rechargeable) was assessed at five time points at: activation, 1,3,6, and 12 months post-activation. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U tests.
RESULTS: Battery life declined progressively over the 12-month follow-up period. On average, standard batteries declined by approximately 16 hours (∼35%), standard rechargeable batteries by 7-9 hours (∼30-35%), and compact rechargeable batteries by 3-4 hours (∼30-35%). This trend was consistent across activation groups and electrode types, although absolute values varied slightly depending on configuration. Standard batteries consistently outperformed rechargeable options. Early activation was associated with significantly higher energy consumption at 1 month post-activation for standard batteries (median: 35 vs. 45 hours; p = 0.032), with no sustained differences thereafter. In the long term, PM electrodes demonstrated significantly longer battery life than LW electrodes at 12 months for standard (p = 0.016), standard rechargeable (p = 0.005*), and compact rechargeable (p = 0.001*) batteries.
CONCLUSION: Battery consumption was mainly influenced by electrode design, with PM electrode showing superior energy efficiency. Although early activation increases short-term battery use, it does not affect long-term consumption. These findings support PM electrode selection to enhance device efficiency and users experience.