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儿童嗅觉障碍的全球实践：儿科耳鼻喉外科医生的横断面调查

Global practices in paediatric olfactory dysfunction: a cross-sectional survey of paediatric ENT surgeons.

临床研究鼻科IF 2.3Q1

文献信息

PMID42931834
原文在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗
发表日期2026
作者Gina M Spencer
查看其他 14 位作者

Kunwar Karim；Agnieszka Dzioba；Elise M Graham；Peng You；Thomas Hummel；Janine Gellrich；Paula Coyle；Hannah Burns；Shazia Peer；Faisal Zawawi；Jérome R Lechien；Valentin A Schriever；Eishaan K Bhargava；Katherine L Whitcroft

作者单位Queen's University School of Medicine, 80 Barrie Street, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada. gspencer@qmed.ca.
查看其他 17 条单位信息

Division of Otolaryngology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. gspencer@qmed.ca.；Queen's University School of Medicine, 80 Barrie Street, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada.；Schulich School of Medicine, Western University, Ontario, London, Canada.；Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada.；Division of Otolaryngology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.；Interdisciplinary Centre Smell & Taste, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.；Abteilung Neuropädiatrie, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.；Department of Otolaryngology, Royal National ENT and Eastman Dental Hospitals, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.；Department of Otolaryngology, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.；University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.；Department of Otolaryngology, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur & Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospitals, Cape Town, South Africa.；Department of Otolaryngology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.；Department of Otolaryngology-Head Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.；Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Neurometabolics and Prevention, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt (Main), Germany.；Department of Otolaryngology, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, UK. e.k.bhargava@sheffield.ac.uk.；Faculty of Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. e.k.bhargava@sheffield.ac.uk.；Department of Otolaryngology, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, UK.

期刊European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
SCI 分区Q1
IF2.3
研究类型临床研究 · 临床
所属专科鼻科

中文摘要

背景： 儿童嗅觉障碍（OD）仍存在诊断不足和特征描述不充分的问题。尽管已知其会影响营养、生活质量、安全意识和社会心理发育，但目前尚无针对儿童OD的标准化诊断或管理路径。本研究旨在描述全球实践模式，并识别儿科诊疗特有的诊断和治疗挑战。
方法/主要方法： 通过封闭的专业平台，向覆盖36个国家的经核实国际儿科耳鼻喉科医生网络发放了一项包含44个条目的横断面在线调查。该调查评估了五个领域：诊断实践、管理方案、技术与创新、教育与培训，以及有效诊疗的障碍。采用区域分组以便进行有意义的统计学比较。分类变量采用卡方检验评估，对显著结果报告比值比和95%置信区间。
结果： 在351名潜在参与者中，167人回复（回复率47.6%）。大多数受访者（83%）报告接诊过OD患儿，但95%的受访者每年接诊此类患者少于10例。54.8%的受访者从未进行心理物理测试，而88.4%的受访者常规开具横断面影像检查。测试频率随患者年龄增长显著增加（Cochran's Q p < .001）。客观测试最常见的障碍是培训不足（44.3%）、时间限制（29.9%）和资金限制（28.1%）。多学科协作可忽略不计。在大多数实践领域观察到显著的区域差异。
结论： 儿童OD诊疗的特点是功能评估不足、多学科协作碎片化以及系统性教育缺口。这些发现支持迫切需要制定标准化临床指南、适合年龄的经验证评估工具以及正式的多学科诊疗路径。

英文摘要

BACKGROUND: Olfactory dysfunction (OD) in children remains underdiagnosed and poorly characterised. Despite its known impacts on nutrition, quality of life, safety awareness, and psychosocial development, no standardised diagnostic or management pathway currently exists for paediatric OD. This study aimed to characterise global practice patterns and identify diagnostic and therapeutic challenges unique to paediatric care.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL: A 44-item cross-sectional online survey was distributed to a verified international network of paediatric otolaryngologists across 36 countries via a closed professional platform. The survey assessed five domains: diagnostic practices, management protocols, technology and innovation, education and training, and barriers to effective care. Regional grouping was used to facilitate meaningful statistical comparisons. Categorical variables were evaluated using chi-square tests, with odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals reported for significant findings.
RESULTS: Of 351 potential participants, 167 responded (47.6% response rate). Most respondents (83%) reported seeing children with OD, yet 95% saw fewer than ten such patients annually. Psychophysical testing was never performed by 54.8% of respondents, while 88.4% routinely ordered cross-sectional imaging. Testing frequency increased significantly with patient age (Cochran's Q p < .001). The most common barriers to objective testing were insufficient training (44.3%), time constraints (29.9%), and funding limitations (28.1%). Multidisciplinary collaboration was negligible. Significant regional variation was observed across most practice domains.
CONCLUSIONS: Paediatric OD care is characterised by functional underinvestigation, fragmented multidisciplinary collaboration, and systemic educational gaps. These findings support urgent development of standardised clinical guidelines, age-appropriate validated assessment tools, and formal interdisciplinary care pathways.