理解医疗保健中的人工智能接受度与“胶耳”诊断：一项针对临床医生和服务使用者的调查

文献信息

中文摘要

背景： 本试点调查探讨了临床医生和服务使用者对在OME这一特定诊断场景中使用人工智能的看法。
方法： 与患者和公众参与及互动小组合作开展了一项在线调查，并通过研究和临床网络、社交媒体平台进行宣传。参与者（N = 95；21-72岁）包括具有OME经验的临床医生（59%）和服务使用者（32%；患者和照护者）。收集并分析了定量和定性数据，比较了两组在两种情境下的观点。
结果： 参与者对人工智能在OME诊断和医疗保健中总体持积极看法。临床医生和服务使用者报告了相当的信任和接受水平，尽管临床医生对灵活性和准确性表达了更多担忧。感知到的主要益处包括节省时间和成本，而透明度和信任似乎是接受的关键促进因素。频繁的担忧集中在操作可靠性和伦理考量上，对数据保密性的强调较少。
结论： 研究结果表明，对人工智能在OME诊断及更广泛医疗保健中的应用有广泛支持，但前提是解决对准确性、人工监督和伦理使用的担忧。建议包括在临床决策过程中强调透明度和人工监督的针对性沟通策略。

英文摘要

Background: This pilot survey explored the views of clinicians and service users regarding the use of AI in a specific diagnostic scenario of OME. Methods: An online survey was conducted in collaboration with a Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement panel and advertised through research and clinical networks, social media platforms. Participants (N = 95; 21-72 years) included clinicians (59%) and service users (32%; patients and carers) with experience of OME. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analysed, comparing the views of the two groups across the two contexts. Results: Participants demonstrated a generally positive view of AI in OME diagnostics and in healthcare. Clinicians and service users reported comparable levels of trust and acceptance, although clinicians expressed greater concerns about flexibility and accuracy. Perceived key benefits included time and cost savings, while transparency and trust appeared as pivotal facilitators for acceptance. Frequent concerns centred on operational reliability and ethical considerations, with less emphasis on data confidentiality. Conclusions: The findings indicate broad support for AI applications both in OME diagnosis and more widely in healthcare, contingent on addressing concerns about accuracy, human oversight, and ethical use. Recommendations include focused communication strategies emphasising transparency and human oversight in the clinical decision-making processes.