伴有听力相关主诉的成人听力损失的听力学、知觉与主观认知评估
Audiometric, Perceptual and Subjective Cognitive Assessment of Hearing Loss in Adults with Hearing-Related Complaints.
文献信息
| PMID | 42930348 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Marta Álvarez-Cendrero |
| 作者单位 | Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, De La Merced University Hospital, 41640 Osuna, Spain. |
| 期刊 | Audiology research |
| SCI 分区 | Q2 |
| IF | 2 |
| 研究类型 | 临床研究 · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 耳科 |
中文摘要
背景： 纯音测听（PTA）不能完全反映功能性听力困难。本研究考察了有听觉主诉患者的听力学阈值、自报听力质量（SSQ12）与认知筛查之间的关系，以及年龄和噪声暴露等其他因素与这些指标的关联。
方法： 分析了178例主诉主观听力损失患者的数据（平均年龄55 ± 17.4岁；43.3%为男性），包括PTA和SSQ12。其中60例年龄≥60岁的患者亚组还完成了主观认知下降问卷（MiCog/SuCog）。通过双变量相关和多元线性回归分析评估关联。
结果： 年龄与双耳更高的PTA4阈值独立相关（右耳：B = 0.60 dB HL/年，95% CI 0.47-0.73；左耳：B = 0.61 dB HL/年，95% CI 0.48-0.74；p < 0.001）。SSQ12评分与PTA（右耳ρ = -0.532）和年龄（ρ = -0.283；均p < 0.001）相关，并且在调整PTA、年龄、性别和耳鸣后，噪声暴露参与者的SSQ12评分更低（B = -1.005，95% CI -1.565至-0.446，p < 0.001）。在认知亚组中，右耳PTA与MiCog呈未调整相关（ρ = 0.332，p = 0.010）；在调整模型中，PTA及任何其他预测因素均与MiCog无独立关联（PTA：B = 0.095，95% CI -0.075至0.264，p = 0.266）。MiCog与SSQ12总分之间未发现显著关联（Pearson r = -0.166，p = 0.204；Spearman ρ = -0.241，p = 0.064）。
结论： 听力学阈值、自报听力质量和认知筛查反映了听觉功能部分不同但相互关联的维度。自报测量揭示了听力学检查未检测到的噪声相关困难。这些发现支持将患者和知情者报告的结果与听力学检查相结合，以支持更全面、以患者为中心的听力和认知照护方法。
英文摘要
Background: Pure-tone audiometry (PTA) does not fully capture functional hearing difficulties. This study examined relationships between audiometric thresholds, self-reported hearing quality (SSQ12), and cognitive screening in patients with auditory complaints, as well as the association of other factors such as age and noise exposure with these measures. Methods: Data from 178 patients complaining about subjective hearing loss (mean age 55 ± 17.4 years; 43.3% male), including PTA and SSQ12, were analyzed. A subgroup of 60 patients aged ≥ 60 years also completed the Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire (MiCog/SuCog). Associations were assessed via bivariate correlation and multiple linear regression analyses. Results: Age was independently associated with higher PTA4 thresholds in both ears (right: B = 0.60 dB HL per year, 95% CI 0.47-0.73; left: B = 0.61 dB HL per year, 95% CI 0.48-0.74; p < 0.001). SSQ12 scores correlated with PTA (right ear ρ = -0.532) and age (ρ = -0.283; both p < 0.001) and were lower in noise-exposed participants after adjusting for PTA, age, sex and tinnitus (B = -1.005, 95% CI -1.565 to -0.446, p < 0.001). In the cognitive subgroup, right-ear PTA showed an unadjusted correlation with MiCog (ρ = 0.332, p = 0.010); in the adjusted model, neither PTA nor any other predictor was independently associated with MiCog (PTA: B = 0.095, 95% CI -0.075 to 0.264, p = 0.266). No significant association was found between MiCog and the SSQ12 total score (Pearson r = -0.166, p = 0.204; Spearman ρ = -0.241, p = 0.064). Conclusions: Audiometric thresholds, self-reported hearing quality, and cognitive screening capture partially distinct, interrelated dimensions of auditory function. Self-reported measures revealed noise-related difficulties undetected by audiometry. These findings support incorporating patient- and informant-reported outcomes alongside audiometry to support a more comprehensive, patient-centered approach to hearing and cognitive care.