青少年恐音症：临床情境下的临床相关因素及其与孤独症相关行为特征的关联
Misophonia in adolescents: clinical correlates and associations with autism-related behavioral characteristics within a clinical context.
文献信息
| PMID | 42902279 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Rahime Duygu Temeltürk |
| 作者单位 | Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Mamak, Ankara, Türkiye, 06620, Turkey. rduygukaydok@gmail.com. |
| 期刊 | BMC pediatrics |
| SCI 分区 | Q2 |
| IF | 2.6 |
| 研究类型 | 临床研究 · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 耳科 |
中文摘要
背景： 恐音症的特征是对特定声音产生强烈的情绪和行为反应，并已被认为与精神症状和感觉敏感性相关。本研究调查了临床青少年门诊样本中恐音症的患病率，并考察其与精神症状及孤独症相关行为特征的关联。
方法： 研究纳入200名12-18岁、被转诊至儿童和青少年精神科门诊的青少年。精神科诊断采用《学龄儿童情感障碍和精神分裂症量表-现患与终生版》（DSM-5）进行评估。恐音症严重程度采用阿姆斯特丹恐音症量表修订版评估，情绪-行为问题和孤独症相关行为特征采用青少年自评量表/11-18评估。组间比较采用卡方检验、Fisher精确检验和Mann-Whitney U检验。进行了Spearman相关分析和分层logistic回归分析。
结果： 患有恐音症的青少年重性抑郁障碍的发生率更高。与无恐音症者相比，他们的内化和外化症状显著更高，孤独症相关行为特征也升高（均p < 0.001；Z分别为-5.62、-4.59和-5.70）。分层logistic回归分析显示，较高的内化问题评分可独立预测恐音症的存在（Nagelkerke R² = 0.226，p < 0.001；OR = 1.07）。
结论： 在精神科门诊环境中，青少年恐音症似乎与更广泛的内化性精神病理及情绪-行为困难密切相关。恐音症青少年中孤独症相关行为特征的升高支持进一步研究恐音症与神经发育特征之间的关系。此类研究可能有助于改善临床评估并加深对恐音症相关行为模式的理解。然而，研究局限和文献中的不一致性凸显了在该领域进一步开展研究的必要性。
英文摘要
BACKGROUND: Misophonia is characterized by intense emotional and behavioral reactions to specific sounds and has been associated with psychiatric symptoms and sensory sensitivity. This study investigated the prevalence of misophonia in a clinical adolescent outpatient sample and examined its associations with psychiatric symptoms and autism-related behavioral characteristics.
METHODS: The study included 200 adolescents aged 12-18 years who were referred to a child and adolescent psychiatry outpatient clinic. Psychiatric diagnoses were assessed using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version for DSM-5. Misophonia severity was evaluated with the Amsterdam Misophonia Scale-Revised, while emotional-behavioral problems and autism-related behavioral characteristics were assessed using the Youth Self-Report/11-18. Group comparisons were performed using the chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, and the Mann-Whitney U test. Spearman's correlation analyses and hierarchical logistic regression analyses were conducted.
RESULTS: Adolescents with misophonia had higher rates of major depressive disorder. They also had significantly higher internalizing and externalizing symptoms and elevated autism-related behavioral characteristics than those without misophonia (all p < 0.001; Z = -5.62, -4.59, and - 5.70, respectively). Hierarchical logistic regression analysis revealed that higher internalizing problem scores independently predicted the presence of misophonia (Nagelkerke R² = 0.226, p < 0.001; OR = 1.07).
CONCLUSIONS: Misophonia in adolescents appears to be closely associated with broader internalizing psychopathology and emotional-behavioral difficulties within psychiatric outpatient settings. Elevated autism-related behavioral characteristics in adolescents with misophonia support further research into the relationship between misophonia and neurodevelopmental characteristics. Such research may contribute to improving clinical assessment and understanding of behavioral patterns associated with misophonia. However, study limitations and inconsistencies in the literature highlight the need for further research in this area.