膳食炎症与中老年人慢性头晕伴失衡：一项具有全国代表性的研究

文献信息

中文摘要

背景： 慢性头晕和失衡可显著影响个体的生活质量甚至死亡率，是患病率较高的疾病，其病因涉及多种因素，包括炎症。我们研究了膳食炎症潜能与慢性头晕伴失衡之间的关联。
方法： 本研究纳入来自2019-2022年韩国国家健康与营养调查的7,562名年龄≥40岁的韩国成年人。膳食炎症指数（DII）根据24小时膳食回顾计算，评分越高表示膳食促炎性越强。慢性头晕被分类为孤立性头晕或伴有失衡的头晕。采用多项logistic回归估计比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
结果： 孤立性头晕的患病率为3.8%，头晕伴失衡的患病率为1.4%。较高的DII评分与慢性头晕伴失衡的较高比值相关（第三分位与第一分位相比；OR，2.89；95% CI，1.54-5.43；P趋势=0.016），但与孤立性头晕无关。该关联在无听力损失的参与者中（每增加1分的OR，1.45；95% CI，1.19-1.77；P交互=0.047）强于有听力损失的参与者。
结论： 较高的膳食炎症潜能与慢性头晕伴失衡的比值增加相关，提示膳食炎症可能与前庭相关症状有关。

英文摘要

BACKGROUND: Chronic dizziness and imbalance, which can significantly impact an individual's quality of life and even mortality, are prevalent conditions with multifactorial etiologies, including inflammation. We examined the association between dietary inflammatory potential and chronic dizziness with imbalance.
METHODS: This study included 7,562 Korean adults aged ≥ 40 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019-2022. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was calculated from 24-hour dietary recall, with higher scores indicating more pro-inflammatory diets. Chronic dizziness was categorized as isolated or accompanied by imbalance. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS: Prevalence was 3.8% for isolated dizziness and 1.4% for dizziness with imbalance. Higher DII scores were associated with higher odds of chronic dizziness with imbalance (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1; OR, 2.89; 95% CI, 1.54-5.43; P trend = 0.016), but not with isolated dizziness. The association was stronger among participants without hearing loss (OR per 1-point increase, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.19-1.77; P interaction = 0.047) than in those with hearing loss.
CONCLUSION: A higher dietary inflammatory potential was associated with increased odds of chronic dizziness accompanied by imbalance, suggesting that dietary inflammation may be relevant to vestibular-related symptoms.