1990年至2021年中国与全球喉癌疾病负担趋势的比较分析

文献信息

中文摘要

背景： 喉癌仍然是一个重要的公共卫生问题，其疾病负担在不同地区、年龄组和性别之间存在显著差异。本研究旨在描述1990年至2021年中国喉癌负担的时间趋势，并利用1990至2021年全球疾病负担研究的数据，比较发病、患病、死亡和伤残调整生命年（DALYs）的年龄和性别特异性模式与全球趋势。方法：应用Joinpoint回归计算平均年度百分比变化及相应的95%置信区间，以量化长期趋势。结果：在研究期间，中国年龄标化患病率从1.82/10万略降至1.789/10万，而全球患病率从3.072/10万更明显地降至2.293/10万。相反，中国年龄标化发病率从7.83/10万升至9.864/10万，而全球则从15.274/10万降至12.558/10万。中国年龄标化死亡率和DALY率分别从40.372/10万降至22.726/10万、从1.59/10万降至0.937/10万，与全球下降趋势平行但仍低于全球降幅。中国DALYs、死亡率、发病率和患病率的平均年度百分比变化分别为-1.89、-1.73、-0.10和0.74，而全球值分别为-1.60、-1.47、-0.95和-0.65。值得注意的是，男性在所有指标上始终表现出显著高于女性的负担。结论：这些发现凸显了中国与全球人群之间的分化趋势，特别是中国发病率上升而死亡率和DALYs下降，强调需要加强喉癌的早期筛查和预防策略，尤其是在高危男性人群中。

英文摘要

Laryngeal cancer remains an important public health concern, with substantial variation in disease burden across regions, age groups, and sexes. This study aimed to characterize temporal trends in the burden of laryngeal cancer in China from 1990 to 2021 and to compare age- and sex-specific patterns of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) with global trends, using data from the Global Burden of Disease 1990 to 2021 study. Joinpoint regression was applied to calculate average annual percentage changes and corresponding 95% confidence intervals to quantify long-term trends. During the study period, China's age-standardized prevalence rate declined slightly from 1.82 to 1.789 per 100,000, while the global prevalence rate decreased more markedly from 3.072 to 2.293 per 100,000. In contrast, the age-standardized incidence rate in China increased from 7.83 to 9.864 per 100,000, whereas a global decline was observed from 15.274 to 12.558 per 100,000. Age-standardized mortality and DALY rates in China decreased substantially, from 40.372 to 22.726 per 100,000 and from 1.59 to 0.937 per 100,000, respectively, paralleling but remaining lower than global reductions. The average annual percentage changes in China for DALYs, mortality, incidence, and prevalence were -1.89, -1.73, -0.10, and 0.74, respectively, compared with global values of -1.60, -1.47, -0.95, and -0.65. Notably, males consistently exhibited a significantly higher burden than females across all indicators. These findings highlight divergent trends between China and the global population, particularly the rising incidence in China despite declining mortality and DALYs, underscoring the need to strengthen early screening and prevention strategies for laryngeal cancer, especially among high-risk male populations.