过敏性疾病儿童B细胞亚群的表型特征

文献信息

中文摘要

背景： B细胞亚群日益被认为是免疫应答的重要调节者，但其在儿童过敏性疾病中的作用仍未被完全了解。本研究旨在描述过敏性疾病儿童外周B细胞亚群的表型和频率，并评估其与临床和实验室参数的关系。方法：本研究纳入59名患有哮喘、特应性皮炎或过敏性鼻炎的儿童以及19名健康对照。采用多色流式细胞术分析B细胞亚群，包括CD19+CD24hiCD38hi、CD19+CD25+和IgD-CD27+细胞。结果：与对照组相比，过敏性疾病儿童的CD19+CD25+ B细胞和类别转换记忆B细胞的百分比显著降低。观察到部分B细胞亚群与嗜酸性粒细胞计数之间呈负相关，提示与2型炎症存在关联。在哮喘中，较高比例的过渡型B细胞与更好的疾病控制相关，而在特应性皮炎严重程度与B细胞亚群之间未发现显著关系。在过敏性鼻炎中，CD19+CD25+FoxP3+ B细胞的频率因疾病控制情况而异，与部分控制疾病相比，未控制疾病儿童中观察到更低的频率。结论：这些发现表明，B细胞群体的变化可能参与儿童过敏性疾病的发病机制及其临床表达。

英文摘要

B-cell subpopulations are increasingly recognized as important modulators of immune responses, yet their role in pediatric allergic diseases remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to characterize the phenotype and frequency of peripheral B-cell subsets in children with allergic diseases and to assess their relationship with clinical and laboratory parameters. The study included 59 children with asthma, atopic dermatitis, or allergic rhinitis and 19 healthy controls. Multicolor flow cytometry was used to analyze B-cell subpopulations, including CD19+CD24hiCD38hi, CD19+CD25+, and IgD-CD27+ cells. The children with allergic diseases exhibited significantly reduced percentages of CD19+CD25+ B cells and switched-memory B cells compared with the controls. Negative correlations were observed between selected B-cell subsets and eosinophil counts, suggesting an association with type 2 inflammation. In asthma, higher proportions of transitional B cells were associated with better disease control, whereas no significant relationship was found between B-cell subsets and atopic dermatitis severity. In allergic rhinitis, the frequency of CD19+CD25+FoxP3+ B cells differed according to disease control, with lower frequencies observed in children with uncontrolled compared with partially controlled disease. These findings indicate that changes in B-cell populations may be involved in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases in children and their clinical expression.