听力图构型能否预测哪些患者从助听器验配中获得更大的言语清晰度获益？
Can Audiometric Configuration Predict Which Patients Derive Greater Speech Intelligibility Benefit from Hearing Aid Fitting?
文献信息
| PMID | 42881901 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Dae Hyun Kim |
| 作者单位 | Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea. |
| 期刊 | Journal of clinical medicine |
| SCI 分区 | Q1 |
| IF | 3.5 |
| 研究类型 | 临床研究 · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 耳科 |
中文摘要
背景： 尽管助听器可改善感音神经性听力损失（SNHL）患者的可听度，但最大言语清晰度的改善在个体间差异很大，且仍缺乏可靠的助听器获益预测因素。我们研究了听力图构型是否能预测中度SNHL成人助听器验配后的言语清晰度获益。方法：在这项回顾性队列研究中，2017年1月至2021年12月期间在一家三级转诊中心验配助听器的351例新诊断中度SNHL成人，根据低频与高频听阈差异被分类为下降型或平坦型听力损失。言语清晰度获益通过助听器验配前以及验配后1个月和1年的最大言语识别率（WRSmax）进行评估。结果：与平坦型听力损失患者相比，下降型听力损失患者在1个月时表现出更大的WRSmax即刻改善（10.43 [10.32] vs. 7.18 [9.44] 个百分点，p = 0.004），在1年时表现出更大的累积改善（11.00 [10.55] vs. 6.79 [11.79] 个百分点，p = 0.020）。在调整年龄和性别后，这些关联仍然显著（分别为B = 2.506，p = 0.024和B = 3.792，p = 0.044）。结论：在中度感音神经性听力损失成人中，与平坦型听力图构型相比，下降型听力图构型与助听器验配后言语清晰度更大改善相关。
英文摘要
Background: Although hearing aids improve audibility in patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), improvements in maximal speech intelligibility vary substantially among individuals, and reliable predictors of hearing aid benefit remain lacking. We investigated whether audiometric configuration predicts speech intelligibility benefit following hearing aid fitting in adults with moderate SNHL. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 351 adults with newly diagnosed moderate SNHL who were fitted with hearing aids between January 2017 and December 2021 at a tertiary referral center were classified as having down-sloping or flat hearing loss according to the difference between low- and high-frequency hearing thresholds. Speech intelligibility benefit was evaluated using the maximum word recognition score (WRSmax) before hearing aid fitting and at 1 month and 1 year after fitting. Results: Compared with patients with flat hearing loss, those with down-sloping hearing loss demonstrated greater immediate improvement in WRSmax at 1 month (10.43 [10.32] vs. 7.18 [9.44] percentage points, p = 0.004) and greater cumulative improvement at 1 year (11.00 [10.55] vs. 6.79 [11.79] percentage points, p = 0.020). These associations remained significant after adjustment for age and sex (B = 2.506, p = 0.024 and B = 3.792, p = 0.044, respectively). Conclusions: In adults with moderate sensorineural hearing loss, a down-sloping audiometric configuration was associated with greater improvement in speech intelligibility following HA fitting than a flat audiometric configuration.