沙特成年人自报红眼：症状特征、自我管理实践及相关因素

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中文摘要

背景/目的： 红眼是常见的眼部主诉，但来自沙特阿拉伯的人群数据有限，且大多局限于特定诊断实体。本研究评估了报告红眼的成年人比例，并描述了其临床特征、感知诱因、管理实践及相关因素。方法：于2025年11月至2026年3月期间在沙特阿拉伯18岁及以上成年人中开展横断面调查，通过社交媒体以便利抽样招募。结构化自填问卷收集社会人口学、全身性、眼部和生活方式特征，并在受影响参与者中收集症状特征、诱因和管理情况。结局通过单一筛查条目确定，并附照片以帮助识别，询问参与者目前或既往是否有红眼。多变量logistic回归识别独立相关因素（p < 0.05）。结果：在1670份回复中，排除重复和不合理人体测量学条目后分析1627份。474名参与者报告目前或既往红眼（29.1%；95% CI：26.9-31.4）。大多数人报告对日常生活无影响或仅有轻微影响（85.4%），76.8%的发作在48小时内缓解。独立相关因素为男性（aOR = 1.76；95% CI：1.23-2.52；p = 0.002）、眼周化妆品使用（aOR = 1.74；95% CI：1.20-2.53；p = 0.003）、过敏性鼻炎或鼻窦炎（aOR = 1.86；95% CI：1.38-2.52；p < 0.001）、高血压（aOR = 1.74；95% CI：1.04-2.91；p = 0.035）、慢性焦虑障碍（aOR = 1.67；95% CI：1.09-2.55；p = 0.018）以及较高教育程度。体力活动显示分级负相关（最高类别aOR = 0.57；95% CI：0.41-0.81）。仅27.6%咨询医生，13.3%使用美白眼药水。结论：红眼被普遍认识，但通常不频繁、短暂且致残性轻微。由于结局为单一未经时间限定的未验证自报条目，这些发现描述的是报告的症状负担而非确诊疾病。

英文摘要

Background/Objectives: Red eye is a common ocular complaint, yet population data from Saudi Arabia are limited and largely confined to specific diagnostic entities. This study assessed the proportion of adults reporting red eye and described its clinical characteristics, perceived triggers, management practices, and associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between November 2025 and March 2026 among adults aged 18 years or older in Saudi Arabia, recruited by convenience sampling through social media. A structured self-administered questionnaire captured sociodemographic, systemic, ocular, and lifestyle characteristics and, among affected participants, symptom profile, triggers, and management. The outcome was ascertained with a single screening item, accompanied by a photograph to aid recognition, asking whether participants currently had, or had previously had, red eye. Multivariable logistic regression identified independently associated factors (p < 0.05). Results: Of 1670 responses, 1627 were analysed after exclusion of duplicates and implausible anthropometric entries. Current or previous red eye was reported by 474 participants (29.1%; 95% CI: 26.9-31.4). Most reported no or only slight effect on daily life (85.4%), and 76.8% of episodes resolved within 48 h. Independently associated factors were male sex (aOR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.23-2.52; p = 0.002), cosmetic use around the eyes (aOR = 1.74; 95% CI: 1.20-2.53; p = 0.003), allergic rhinitis or sinusitis (aOR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.38-2.52; p < 0.001), hypertension (aOR = 1.74; 95% CI: 1.04-2.91; p = 0.035), chronic anxiety disorder (aOR = 1.67; 95% CI: 1.09-2.55; p = 0.018), and higher education. Physical activity showed a graded inverse association (aOR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.41-0.81 for the highest category). Only 27.6% consulted a physician, and 13.3% used whitening eye drops. Conclusions: Red eye was commonly recognised but usually infrequent, brief, and minimally disabling. As the outcome was a single unvalidated self-report item not bounded in time, these findings describe reported symptom burden rather than confirmed disease.