双侧重度听力损失工作年龄成人的工作生产力损失与恢复需求增加：来自一项前瞻性队列研究的证据。

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中文摘要

目的： 双侧重度听力损失对工作生产力的影响尚未得到充分探讨。鉴于该人群经历的沟通困难，推测其工作生产力可能受到影响，从而造成经济负担。本研究旨在调查重度获得性双侧听力损失参与者的工作生产力。此外，还检查了认知功能，以控制其对工作生产力可能的中介效应。
设计： 本研究呈现了50名年龄在18至65岁之间、被诊断为双侧重度听力损失（定义为最差耳平均听力损失至少70 dB HL）参与者的观察性数据。采用工作限制问卷、工作生产力与活动受损问卷以及荷兰工作体验与评价问卷（Dutch Vragenlijst Beleving en Beoordeling van de Arbeid）的恢复需求分量表来评估工作生产力以及工作活动所致疲劳的短期影响。为评估长期病假风险，使用了Quickscan问卷。此外，还进行了听力学评估（纯音测听、安静环境言语感知和噪声环境言语感知）。使用针对听力受损个体调整的可重复神经心理状态评估成套测验和Corsi积木敲击任务来研究认知功能和视空间短时记忆。
结果： 研究发现，双侧重度听力损失参与者自我报告的工作生产力下降，且工作后恢复需求增加。与既往研究报告的健康对照和一般人群相比，被诊断为双侧听力损失的参与者报告了更高的工作生产力损失率。此外，与既往研究中的正常听力对照相比，他们报告了更高的工作后恢复需求。而且，伴有耳鸣的参与者似乎比不伴耳鸣者经历更大的工作生产力损失和更高的恢复需求。双侧听力损失对认知功能的影响有限。
结论： 被诊断为双侧重度听力损失的参与者报告其听力损失对工作生产力和工作后恢复需求有显著影响。这些发现凸显了多学科策略对支持该人群就业能力和福祉的重要性。未来研究应开发客观的、听力特异性的工作生产力测量方法，并探索影响工作生产力和恢复需求的因素。

英文摘要

OBJECTIVES: The impact of severe bilateral hearing loss on work productivity has not been fully explored. Given the communication difficulties experienced by this population, it has been hypothesized that work productivity may be affected, resulting in an economic burden. This study aimed to investigate work productivity among participants with severe acquired bilateral hearing loss. In addition, cognitive functioning was also examined to control for the possible intermediate effect on work productivity.
DESIGN: This study presents observational data from 50 participants, aged between 18 and 65 years, who have been diagnosed with severe bilateral hearing loss, defined as an average hearing loss of at least 70 decibels hearing level in the worst ear. The Work Limitations Questionnaire, the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire, and the need for recovery subscale of the Dutch Questionnaire on the Experience and Evaluation of Work (Dutch Vragenlijst Beleving en Beoordeling van de Arbeid) were employed to assess work productivity and the short-term effects of fatigue resulting from work activities. To assess the risk of long-term sick leave, the Quickscan questionnaire was administered. In addition, an audiometric assessment (pure-tone audiometry, speech perception in quiet, and speech perception in noise) was performed. Cognitive functioning and visuospatial short-term memory were investigated using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status adjusted for Hearing-impaired individuals and the Corsi Block-tapping task.
RESULTS: The study found that participants with severe bilateral hearing loss exhibited a decline in self-reported work productivity and an increased need for recovery after work. Participants diagnosed with bilateral hearing loss reported higher rates of work productivity loss compared with healthy controls and the general population, as reported in earlier studies. Furthermore, they reported a greater need for recovery after work compared with normal hearing controls in previous studies. Moreover, participants with tinnitus appeared to experience even greater work productivity loss and a higher need for recovery than those without tinnitus. The impact of bilateral hearing loss on cognitive functioning was limited.
CONCLUSIONS: Participants diagnosed with severe bilateral hearing loss reported a significant impact of their hearing loss on work productivity and need for recovery after work. These findings highlight the importance of multidisciplinary strategies to support employability and well-being in this population. Future research should develop objective, hearing-specific work productivity measures and explore factors contributing to work productivity and recovery needs.