阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停中的视网膜脉络膜结构改变：一项频域光学相干断层扫描研究。
Retinochoroidal structural alterations in obstructive sleep apnea: A spectral domain optical coherence tomography study.
文献信息
| PMID | 42877933 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Prabhjot Singh |
| 作者单位 | Department of Ophthalmology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India. |
| 期刊 | Taiwan journal of ophthalmology |
| SCI 分区 | Q3 |
| IF | 1.5 |
| 研究类型 | 临床研究 · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 耳科 |
中文摘要
目的： 本研究旨在使用频域光学相干断层扫描（SD-OCT）分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）患者的视网膜脉络膜参数，并评估其与疾病严重程度的关系。
材料与方法： 这项横断面观察性研究纳入了60例经夜间多导睡眠图诊断的OSAS患者和60例年龄匹配的健康对照者。OSAS组根据呼吸暂停低通气指数分为轻度（n = 18）、中度（n = 28）和重度（n = 14）三类。SD-OCT测量包括视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）厚度、神经节细胞-内丛状层（GC-IPL）厚度、中心凹下脉络膜厚度和中央黄斑厚度。
结果： 与对照组相比，OSAS患者的平均RNFL（94.7 ± 7.84 μm vs. 98.93 ± 7.67 μm，95%置信区间[CI]：1.43-7.03，P = 0.003）和GC-IPL厚度（80.03 ± 3.11 μm vs. 82.1 ± 2.05 μm，95% CI：1.12-3.02，P < 0.001）显著变薄。基于严重程度的分析显示所有参数均呈进行性变薄，其中疾病严重程度与GC-IPL（r = -0.979）和RNFL参数（r = -0.922）的相关性最强。轻度与重度OSAS组之间的差异始终最为显著（P < 0.001）。
结论： OSAS患者发生显著的视网膜脉络膜改变，且这些改变与疾病严重程度相关。视网膜层变薄的独特模式，尤其是颞上RNFL和上方GC-IPL，表明其与OSAS严重程度存在关联。
英文摘要
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze retinochoroidal parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and evaluate their relationship with disease severity.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional observational study included 60 OSAS patients diagnosed by overnight polysomnography and 60 age-matched healthy controls. The OSAS group was subdivided based on apnea-hypopnea index into mild (n = 18), moderate (n = 28), and severe (n = 14) categories. SD-OCT measurements included retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness, subfoveal choroidal thickness, and central macular thickness.
RESULTS: OSAS patients showed significant thinning in average RNFL (94.7 ± 7.84 μm vs. 98.93 ± 7.67 μm, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.43-7.03, P = 0.003) and GC-IPL thicknesses (80.03 ± 3.11 μm vs. 82.1 ± 2.05 μm, 95% CI: 1.12-3.02, P < 0.001) compared to controls. Severity-based analysis revealed progressive thinning across all parameters, with the strongest correlations observed between disease severity and GC-IPL (r = -0.979) and RNFL parameters (r = -0.922). The most significant differences were consistently found between mild and severe OSAS groups (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Significant retinochoroidal alterations occur in OSAS patients, with changes correlating to disease severity. The distinctive pattern of retinal layer thinning, particularly in superotemporal RNFL and superior GC-IPL, demonstrates an association with OSAS severity.