阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停与选定的合并症——队列研究的文献综述

文献信息

中文摘要

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是最常见的睡眠相关呼吸障碍类型，其特征是睡眠期间反复发生上气道塌陷并导致缺氧。间歇性低氧血症可能产生多系统影响并调节合并症的病程。氧化应激、炎症和内皮功能障碍等病理生理机制导致不良健康结局，包括心血管疾病、脑血管并发症、代谢紊乱、癌症、神经退行性疾病或行为异常。OSA的治疗可能减缓合并症的进展并减少相关的社会和经济负担。本文献综述旨在基于文献中的队列研究，探讨OSA与选定合并症疾病之间的关系，包括慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、卒中、糖尿病、癌症和高血压。

英文摘要

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common type of sleep-related breathing disorder, characterized by repeated episodes of upper airway collapse and resulting hypoxia during sleep. Intermittent hypoxemia may exert a multisystemic impact and modulate the course of comorbidities. Pathophysiological mechanisms such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction contribute to adverse health outcomes including cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular complications, metabolic disorders, cancer, neurodegenerative conditions, or behavioral abnormalities. Treatment of OSA may mitigate progression of comorbidities and reduce the associated social and economic burden. This literature review aims to explore the relationships between OSA and selected comorbid diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), stroke, diabetes, cancer, and hypertension, based on cohort studies in the literature.