麦角硫因介导的神经系统神经保护作用。

文献信息

中文摘要

麦角硫因（EGT）是一种含硫的组氨酸小分子衍生物，存在于包括人类在内的多种生物体中。它表现出抗氧化特性，可减轻炎症，并可能对神经退行性疾病具有抗衰老作用，使EGT成为健康促进和健康老龄化的潜在候选物。EGT似乎在细胞水平上提供强大的保护特性，并且在认知障碍、帕金森病、黄斑变性及其他神经退行性疾病等不同神经系统疾病中，其血浆浓度水平降低。此外，来自临床前研究以及目前有限的临床研究的新兴证据表明，EGT对神经系统疾病具有治疗潜力。例如，EGT治疗减缓了年龄相关性听力损失的进展，并减轻了小鼠模型中顺铂诱导的听力损失，尤其是在雄性小鼠中。同样，对老年人（60岁及以上）进行EGT干预在改善认知能力、记忆和睡眠质量方面显示出一定效果。在这篇综述中，我们对其在神经保护中的作用进行了全面考察，特别是在神经系统内，并探讨了其潜在的细胞内靶向通路及其潜在机制。

英文摘要

Ergothioneine (EGT), a micromolecular derivative of histidine containing sulfur, is found in various organisms, including humans. It demonstrates antioxidant properties, reduces inflammation, and potentially possesses antiaging effects for neurodegenerative conditions, positioning EGT as a potential candidate for health enhancement and healthy aging. EGT appears to offer strong protective properties at the cellular level and shows decreased concentration levels in blood plasma in different neurological conditions such as cognitive impairment, Parkinson's disease, macular degeneration, and other neurodegenerative diseases. Further, emerging evidence from both preclinical and currently limited clinical studies indicates EGT's therapeutic potential for neurological disorders. For instance, EGT treatment slowed the progression of age-related hearing loss and alleviated the cisplatin-induced hearing loss in mouse models, especially in male mice. Similarly, EGT intervention in older adults (aged 60 years or older) has shown some effectiveness in improving cognitive ability, memory, and sleep quality. In this review, we present a thorough examination of its function in neuroprotection, particularly within the nervous system and explore its potential intracellular targeting pathways and their underlying mechanisms.