利用虚拟现实探索啮齿动物海马神经网络动力学：关于系统、空间编码及应用的叙述性综述。

文献信息

中文摘要

虚拟现实（VR）为研究空间学习和记忆背后的海马机制提供了一个高度可控、沉浸式且交互式的平台。在啮齿动物模型中，基于VR的范式已阐明包括CA1、CA3和齿状回在内的海马亚区如何支持空间表征、模式分离和记忆巩固。在VR环境中，位置细胞、网格细胞、头方向细胞和边界向量细胞表现出特征性的重映射动力学，反映了VR固有的实验优势与感觉限制。尽管VR提高了可重复性，并能与双光子钙成像和光遗传学等先进方法无缝整合，但前庭和多感觉输入的减少可能限制空间编码的保真度。本综述综合了当前关于VR中海马-压后皮层相互作用、突触可塑性和多感觉整合的证据，突出了对空间认知的机制性见解。

英文摘要

Virtual reality (VR) provides a highly controllable, immersive, and interactive platform for investigating hippocampal mechanisms underlying spatial learning and memory. In rodent models, VR-based paradigms have elucidated how hippocampal subregions including CA1, CA3, and the dentate gyrus support spatial representation, pattern separation, and memory consolidation. Within VR environments, place cells, grid cells, head-direction cells, and boundary vector cells exhibit characteristic remapping dynamics, reflecting both the experimental advantages and sensory constraints inherent to VR. Although VR enhances reproducibility and integrates seamlessly with advanced methodologies such as two-photon calcium imaging and optogenetics, reduced vestibular and multisensory inputs can limit the fidelity of spatial coding. This review synthesizes current evidence on hippocampal-retrosplenial interactions, synaptic plasticity, and multisensory integration in VR, highlighting mechanistic insights into spatial cognition.