梅尼埃病中的炎症和免疫通路：多数据库文献计量与可视化研究趋势分析

文献信息

中文摘要

背景： 梅尼埃病（MD）是一种慢性内耳疾病，以反复发作的眩晕、波动性感音神经性听力损失、耳鸣和耳闷胀感为特征。越来越多的证据表明，免疫调节异常、炎症和过敏反应参与了MD的发生发展。然而，目前仍缺乏对该领域当前研究格局和演变热点的系统综合。
方法： 从Web of Science核心合集和Scopus数据库中检索了2006年1月1日至2025年12月31日期间发表的关于MD免疫炎症机制的文献。使用R-bibliometrix、VOSviewer、CiteSpace和Python进行文献计量和可视化分析。
结果： 共纳入868篇文献，年度发文量呈持续上升趋势。美国、中国和意大利是主要贡献国家。该领域的核心期刊和研究团队主要集中在耳科学、神经耳科学和前庭医学领域。研究热点已逐步从临床表型、内淋巴积水和局部治疗干预转向免疫炎症机制，包括细胞因子网络、先天免疫信号、过敏相关通路和基于影像学的表型。其中，IL-1β/TNF-α轴、NF-κB/TLR信号通路和IgE介导的免疫反应已成为突出的研究方向。
结论： 本研究系统描绘了MD免疫炎症研究领域的全球研究格局、知识结构和演变热点。研究结果突出了主要研究主题和新兴趋势，提供了全面的研究图景，可能有助于优先开展MD疾病机制、生物标志物验证、患者分层和免疫靶向治疗方法的未来研究。

英文摘要

BACKGROUND: Ménière's disease (MD) is a chronic inner ear disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of vertigo, fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness. Growing evidence indicates that aberrant immune regulation, inflammation, and allergic reactions are involved in the development of MD. However, a systematic synthesis of the current research landscape and evolving hotspots in this field remains lacking.
METHODS: Publications concerning immune-inflammatory mechanisms in MD published between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2025 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus databases. Bibliometric and visual analyses were performed using R-bibliometrix, VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Python.
RESULTS: A total of 868 publications were included in this study, with annual output showing a sustained upward trend. The United States, China, and Italy were the major contributing countries. Core journals and research teams in this field have been predominantly concentrated in the areas of otology, neuro-otology, and vestibular medicine. Research hotspots have progressively shifted from clinical phenotypes, endolymphatic hydrops, and local therapeutic interventions toward immune-inflammatory mechanisms, encompassing cytokine networks, innate immune signaling, allergy-related pathways, and imaging-based phenotypes. Among these, the IL-1β/TNF-α axis, the NF-κB/TLR signaling pathway, and IgE-mediated immune responses have emerged as prominent research directions.
CONCLUSIONS: This study systematically delineates the global research landscape, knowledge structure, and evolving hotspots in the field of immune-inflammatory research in MD. The findings highlight major research themes and emerging trends, providing a comprehensive research landscape that may help prioritize future investigations into disease mechanisms, biomarker validation, patient stratification, and immune-targeted therapeutic approaches in MD.