职业噪声对年轻成人牙科医院人员听力阈值、言语感知及自报听力能力的影响

文献信息

中文摘要

本横断面研究旨在评估职业噪声暴露对年轻成人牙科专业人员客观听觉功能和自报听力困难的影响。研究纳入56名年轻成人（年龄18-40岁），分为噪声暴露组（n=31）和未暴露对照组（n=25）。听觉评估包括纯音测听（250-8000 Hz）、在0 dB和-5 dB信噪比下的临床噪声中言语（SIN）测试中的词语识别，以及自报言语、空间和听觉质量量表（SSQ）。暴露组与对照组在纯音阈值或SIN表现方面未观察到显著差异，但暴露组在SSQ言语（7.53，8.30；p=0.043）和SSQ质量（8.30，8.91；p=0.014）分量表上报告听力能力显著较差。这些发现提示，标准临床评估可能忽略与职业噪声相关的早期功能缺陷，并且在可测量的阈值偏移发生之前，自报听力困难可能补充常规听力学评估。

英文摘要

This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the effects of occupational noise exposure on objective auditory function and self-reported hearing difficulties in young adult dental professionals. It included 56 young adults (aged 18-40), divided into the noise-exposed (n=31) and unexposed control group (n=25). Auditory assessments consisted of pure-tone audiometry (250-8000 Hz), word recognition in clinical speech-in-noise (SIN) test at 0 dB and -5 dB signal-to-noise ratios, and the self-reported Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ). No significant differences were observed between the exposed and control groups in pure-tone thresholds or SIN performance, but the exposed group reported significantly poorer hearing abilities on the SSQ Speech (7.53, 8.30; p=0.043) and SSQ Qualities (8.30, 8.91; p=0.014) subscales. These findings suggest that standard clinical assessments may overlook early functional deficits associated with occupational noise and that self-reported hearing difficulties may complement conventional audiometric assessment before measurable threshold shifts occur.