探究业余歌唱对成年期说话嗓音质量、功能与运动控制的影响

文献信息

中文摘要

目的： 歌唱是一种易于参与的活动，可能促进嗓音健康，包括嗓音功能、质量和运动控制。然而，证据仍然有限且异质性较大，因为一些研究显示在某些人群中歌唱练习与发音障碍相关的主诉之间存在关联。本研究探讨业余歌唱练习是否影响与功能、质量和运动控制相关的成人说话嗓音结局，以及它是否可能调节与年龄相关的嗓音变化。
方法： 参与者为143名法语成人（20-98岁；72名歌唱者，71名非歌唱者）。业余歌唱者定义为在合唱团中歌唱至少两年且每周最少练习60分钟的人。使用发音障碍严重程度指数、声学嗓音质量指数、说话习惯强度以及总体严重程度的感知判断来评估嗓音功能和嗓音质量。在轮替运动任务中，嗓音起始时间（VOT）及其变异性被用作嗓音运动控制的替代指标。线性回归和混合效应回归模型检验了组别（歌唱者/非歌唱者）、年龄及其交互作用的主效应，同时控制了相关变量。
结果： 歌唱者表现出比非歌唱者更高的谐噪比和更低的振幅微扰值。年龄预测了更低的最大基频值，且与歌唱状态无关。发现歌唱对总体严重程度评分具有调节作用，显示年轻和中年歌唱者倾向于具有更好的感知嗓音质量，但在老年歌唱者中并非如此，导致歌唱者中年龄与总体严重程度之间的关联更陡。交互作用还揭示，在特定辅音上，歌唱者与非歌唱者中VOT与年龄的关联存在差异，提示两组之间喉-构音协调可能存在差异。
结论： 研究结果表明，业余歌唱与特定的声学和感知获益相关，尽管其中一些关联在老年人中可能不存在。需要纵向研究来阐明业余歌唱的潜在益处。

英文摘要

OBJECTIVES: Singing is an accessible activity that may promote vocal health, including vocal function, quality, and motor control. However, evidence remains limited and heterogeneous, as some studies have shown an association between singing practice and dysphonia-related complaints in certain populations. This study investigated whether amateur singing practice influences adult speaking voice outcomes related to function, quality, and motor control, and whether it may moderate age-related vocal changes.
METHODS: Participants were 143 French-speaking adults (20-98 years; 72 singers, 71 non-singers). Amateur singers were defined as individuals singing in a choir for at least two years with a minimal weekly practice of 60 minutes. Vocal function and quality were assessed using the Dysphonia Severity Index, Acoustic Voice Quality Index, speaking habitual intensity, and perceptual judgment of overall severity. Voice Onset Time (VOT) and its variability during a diadochokinetic task were used as proxies for vocal motor control. Linear and mixed-effects regression models tested the main effects of group (singers/non-singers), age, and their interaction, while controlling for relevant variables.
RESULTS: Singers exhibited higher harmonic-to-noise ratios and lower shimmer values than non-singers. Age predicted lower maximal fundamental frequency values, independent of singing status. A moderating effect of singing was found for overall severity ratings, showing a trend toward better perceptual vocal quality in younger and middle-aged singers, but not in older singers, resulting in a steeper association between age and overall severity among singers. Interactions also revealed differential associations between VOT and age in singers compared to non-singers for specific consonants, suggesting potential differences in laryngeal-articulatory coordination between groups.
CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that amateur singing is associated with specific acoustic and perceptual benefits, although some of these associations may not be found in older adults. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the potential benefits of amateur singing.