人后气管壁的免疫组织化学特征揭示可能存在黏膜肌层：一项初步研究
Immunohistochemical characterization of the human posterior tracheal wall reveals a possible muscularis mucosae: a pilot study.
文献信息
| PMID | 42853474 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Nor Amizan Mohd Sabri |
| 作者单位 | Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sg Buloh Campus, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. |
| 期刊 | Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA |
| SCI 分区 | Q2 |
| IF | 1.5 |
| 研究类型 | 基础研究 · 基础／转化 |
| 所属专科 | 咽喉科 |
中文摘要
目的： 尽管人后气管壁在气道功能中发挥作用，但其微观结构仍未得到完整描述。本初步研究旨在利用α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）免疫组织化学（IHC）和数字图像分析来表征后气管壁。
方法： 分析了接受全喉切除术患者的后部膜性气管标本。对（N=12）份标本进行了常规苏木精-伊红（H&E）染色，而对（N=11）份标本进行了α-SMA IHC。使用ImageJ获得黏膜-黏膜下层复合体（MC）、气管肌（TM）、外膜层（Adv）和黏膜肌层（MMu）的形态学测量值。使用统计学检验探讨人口学关联。
结果： α-SMA IHC比常规H&E染色能更清晰地显示平滑肌。在所有11份IHC标本中均观察到黏膜内的一层浅表平滑肌，与可能的黏膜肌层（MMu）一致，而在12份H&E标本中有58.33%通过形态学识别出神经纤维。在36.36%的病例中识别出三层肌肉排列。后气管壁平均总厚度为4.55±1.45 mm。TM和MMu的纤维大小相似（p=0.86），尽管TM显示出显著高于MMu的肌肉密度和α-SMA染色强度（均p<0.01）。年龄与TM染色强度呈负相关（r=-0.62，p=0.04）。
结论： 本初步研究探讨了人后气管壁的组织学数据，并扩展了对其微观结构的当前描述，这可能支持未来的解剖学、生物力学和组织工程研究。
英文摘要
PURPOSE: The microscopic structure of the human posterior tracheal wall remains incompletely described despite its role in airway function. This pilot study aimed to characterize the posterior tracheal wall using α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) immunohistochemistry (IHC) and digital image analysis.
METHODS: Posterior membranous tracheal specimens from patients undergoing total laryngectomy were analysed. Routine Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining was performed on (N = 12) specimens, while α-SMA IHC was performed on (N = 11). Morphometric measurements of the mucosubmucosal complex (MC), trachealis muscle (TM), adventitial (Adv) layer, and muscularis mucosae (MMu) were obtained using ImageJ. Demographic associations were explored using statistical tests.
RESULTS: α-SMA IHC provided clearer visualization of smooth muscle than routine H&E staining. A superficial smooth muscle layer within the mucosa, consistent with a possible muscularis mucosae (MMu), was observed in all 11 IHC specimens, while nerve fibres were morphologically identified in 58.33% of the 12 H&E specimens. A three layer muscle arrangement was identified in 36.36% of cases. The mean total posterior tracheal wall thickness was 4.55 ± 1.45 mm. The TM and MMu had similar fibre sizes (p = 0.86), although the TM showed significantly greater muscle density and α-SMA staining intensity than the MMu (both p < 0.01). Age was negatively correlated with TM staining intensity (r = - 0.62, p = 0.04).
CONCLUSION: This pilot study explores histological data from the human posterior tracheal wall and expands the current description of its microscopic structure, which may support future anatomical, biomechanical, and tissue engineering research.