鼻阻力计分析鼻气道阻力及其对慢性浆液性中耳炎听力的影响

文献信息

中文摘要

引言 渗出性中耳炎（OME）涉及中耳液体积聚，是听力损失的常见原因。虽然鼻塞被认为通过影响咽鼓管功能而促进OME，但鼻气道阻力的作用仍不清楚。本研究旨在使用鼻阻力计评估OME患者的鼻气道阻力，并探讨其与听阈的潜在关系。
方法 这项回顾性研究纳入30例慢性浆液性中耳炎（CSOM）患者和30例健康对照。使用主动前鼻阻力计评估鼻气道阻力。通过纯音测听评估听阈。分析数据以比较组间差异以及鼻阻力与听力参数之间的相关性。
结果 OME组的空气传导阈值和空气-骨导差显著更高（p<0.001）。然而，患者与对照之间未观察到鼻气道阻力的显著差异（p>0.05）。此外，未发现鼻阻力值与听阈之间存在显著相关性。
结论 尽管鼻塞是OME的已知促进因素，但本研究发现客观测量的鼻气道阻力与听力损失之间没有关联。这些发现表明，仅通过鼻阻力计测量鼻气道阻力可能无法完全反映OME中耳功能障碍的多因素机制。需要进一步的多因素研究来阐明该疾病的病理生理学。

英文摘要

Introduction Otitis media with effusion (OME) involves the accumulation of fluid in the middle ear and is a common cause of hearing loss. While nasal congestion is thought to contribute to OME by affecting eustachian tube function, the role of nasal airway resistance remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate nasal airway resistance in patients with OME using rhinomanometry and investigate its potential relationship with hearing thresholds. Methods This retrospective study included 30 patients with chronic serous otitis media (CSOM) and 30 healthy controls. Nasal airway resistance was assessed using active anterior rhinomanometry. Hearing thresholds were evaluated by pure tone audiometry. Data were analyzed for group differences and correlations between nasal resistance and hearing parameters. Results Air conduction thresholds and air-bone gaps were significantly higher in the OME group (p<0.001). However, no significant differences were observed in nasal airway resistance between patients and controls (p>0.05). Additionally, no significant correlation was found between nasal resistance values and hearing thresholds. Conclusion Although nasal congestion is a known contributing factor in OME, this study found no association between objectively measured nasal airway resistance and hearing loss. These findings suggest that rhinomanometric measurements of nasal airway resistance alone may not fully reflect the multifactorial mechanisms underlying middle ear dysfunction in OME. Further multifactorial studies are needed to clarify the pathophysiology of the condition.