细颗粒物（PM2.5）对培养的人声带成纤维细胞的影响

文献信息

中文摘要

目的： 细颗粒物（PM2.5）是一种由多种人为来源产生的主要空气污染物，全球范围内人群暴露不断增加。尽管其对下气道的不良影响已有充分研究，但PM2.5对上气道的影响仍知之甚少。我们此前的临床研究发现，在PM2.5水平升高的情况下发声困难增加，但PM2.5与声带之间的潜在相互作用尚不清楚。本研究评估了PM2.5对培养的人声带成纤维细胞（hVFFs）的影响，该细胞是固有层的主要细胞类型。
方法： 将培养的hVFFs暴露于浓度递增的PM2.5；未暴露的细胞作为对照。24-72小时后，检查细胞形态、细胞活力、氧化应激以及细胞外基质和炎症基因表达。采用多变量模型估计PM2.5浓度与细胞活力的关联。
结果： 形态学分析显示，暴露后PM2.5颗粒持续与hVFFs相关联，表明存在细胞外黏附或细胞内迁移。PM2.5浓度升高诱导细胞毒性和氧化应激增加。细胞外基质和炎症基因表达不受暴露浓度或持续时间的影响。
结论： 我们的研究结果提供了一种体外方法学，用于研究hVFF对PM2.5的反应。本研究揭示了暴露后PM2.5颗粒与细胞的持续关联，以及在较高PM2.5浓度下细胞活力呈剂量依赖性下降和氧化应激增加，为PM2.5对hVFF的影响提供了关键的初步见解。本研究结果将为未来关于空气污染对声带细胞水平影响的体外和机制研究奠定基础。
证据等级： 不适用。

英文摘要

OBJECTIVE: Human exposures to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), a major air pollutant generated by multiple anthropogenic sources, are increasing worldwide. Though its adverse impacts on the lower airway are well-researched, PM2.5 has poorly understood effects on the upper airway. Our previous clinical research revealed increased dysphonia in the setting of elevated PM2.5 levels, though underlying interactions between PM2.5 and the vocal folds are unclear. This study evaluated the effects of PM2.5 on cultured human vocal fold fibroblasts (hVFFs), the primary cell type of the lamina propria.
METHODS: Cultured hVFFs were exposed to increasing concentrations of PM2.5; unexposed cells served as control. After 24-72 h, cell morphology, cell viability, oxidative stress, and extracellular matrix and inflammatory gene expression were examined. Multivariate models estimated the association of PM2.5 concentration and cell viability.
RESULTS: Morphologic analysis revealed persistent PM2.5 particles associated with hVFFs post-exposure, signifying extracellular adherence and/or intracellular migration. Increasing concentrations of PM2.5 induced elevated cytotoxicity and oxidative stress. Extracellular matrix and inflammatory gene expression were unaffected by exposure concentration or duration.
CONCLUSION: Our findings provide an in vitro methodology for studying hVFF responses to PM2.5. In revealing the persistent cellular association of PM2.5 particles following exposures, as well as dose-dependent decreased cell viability and increased oxidative stress at higher PM2.5 concentrations, this work provides key initial insights into the effects of PM2.5 on hVFF. Findings from this work will provide a foundation for future in vitro and mechanistic studies of the cell-level effects of air pollution on the vocal folds.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: N/A.