日本儿童进食评估工具（PediEAT-J）的标准化：基于年龄的常模、发育轨迹及用于早期筛查的临床界值

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中文摘要

背景： 幼儿期的进食和吞咽困难可显著影响生长发育和家庭福祉。目前，日本缺乏针对这些问题的特异性筛查常模。方法：为填补这一空白，我们对日本版儿童进食评估工具（PediEAT-J）进行了标准化，并基于697名6至77个月儿童照护者的数据建立了临床界值。其中，662名儿童为典型发育（TD），35名存在已识别的进食问题。对TD组计算描述性统计量，并将原始分数转换为T分数（均值=50，标准差=10）。结果：各分量表的发育模式存在差异：生理症状在12个月后显著下降；问题性进餐行为在30-36个月达到高峰；选择性/限制性进食在早期断奶阶段最为常见；口腔处理在15-18个月时最高。受试者工作特征（ROC）分析得出的曲线下面积为0.835，最佳界值的敏感性为0.74，特异性为0.84。结论：这些发现首次为日本人群提供了按年龄分层的常模，并能够实现快速、文化相关的进食风险筛查，促进早期干预及进食发育的跨文化比较。

英文摘要

Feeding and swallowing difficulties in early childhood can significantly impact growth and family well-being. Currently, Japan lacks specific screening norms for these issues. To address this gap, we standardized the Japanese version of the Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool (PediEAT-J) and established a clinical cut-off based on caregiver data from 697 children aged 6 to 77 months. Among these, 662 children were typically developing (TD), and 35 had identified feeding problems. Descriptive statistics were calculated for the TD group, with raw scores converted into T-scores (mean = 50, SD = 10). Developmental patterns varied across subscales: Physiologic Symptoms decreased significantly after 12 months; Problematic Mealtime Behaviors peaked at 30-36 months; Selective/Restrictive Eating was most common during early weaning; and Oral Processing was highest at 15-18 months. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis yielded an area under the curve of 0.835, with optimal cut-offs of 0.74 for sensitivity and 0.84 for specificity. These findings provide the first age-stratified norms for the Japanese population and enable rapid, culturally relevant screening for feeding risks, facilitating early interventions and cross-cultural comparisons in feeding development.