鼻咽癌患者进展恐惧的潜在剖面分析及相关因素

文献信息

中文摘要

背景： 进展恐惧是鼻咽癌患者常见的心理负担，在治疗完成后可持续多年。然而，现有研究大多关注量表总分，忽视了鼻咽癌患者进展恐惧剖面中可能存在的异质性。因此，本研究旨在识别鼻咽癌患者进展恐惧的潜在剖面，并探讨这些剖面的相关因素，包括社会人口学特征、临床特征、疾病感知和生命意义感。
方法： 共296例鼻咽癌患者完成了社会人口学及疾病相关问卷、进展恐惧问卷简表、简易疾病感知问卷和生命目的测验。采用潜在剖面分析探讨进展恐惧的亚组。使用卡方检验、Fisher精确检验、Kruskal-Wallis H检验和多因素logistic回归分析比较与进展恐惧亚剖面相关的变量。
结果： 鼻咽癌患者的进展恐惧可分为三个剖面：低、中、高恐惧剖面。多因素logistic回归结果显示，性别、年龄和初诊/复发是与进展恐惧亚组相关的显著因素。女性患者、18-30岁患者以及复发性鼻咽癌（NPC）患者更易归入高恐惧剖面。结果表明，疾病感知越高、生命意义感越低，被归入更高恐惧剖面的可能性越大。
意义： 鼻咽癌患者中存在三种进展恐惧潜在剖面。医疗保健提供者应根据三种剖面的特征制定并实施针对性策略，以减轻进展恐惧并维护心理健康。

英文摘要

BACKGROUND: Fear of progression is a common psychological burden among nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients, persisting for many years following treatment completion. However, most existing studies focus on total scale scores and overlook the potential heterogeneity in profiles of fear of progression among nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Consequently, this study aims to identify the latent profiles of fear of progression among nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and to explore factors of these profiles, including sociodemographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, illness perception, and meaning in life.
METHODS: A total of 296 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients completed the sociodemographic and disease related questionnaire, fear of progression questionnaire-short form, brief illness perception questionnaire and purpose in life test. Latent profile analysis was used to explore the subgroups of fear of progression. The variables associated fear of progression sub-profiles were compared using chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Kruskal-Wallis H test and multivariate logistic regression analysis.
FINDINGS: The fear of progression among nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients can be categorized into three profiles: low, moderate, and high fear profiles. The results of the multivariate logistic regression showed that gender, age and initial diagnosis/recurrence were signifcant factors associated with the subgroups of fear of progression. Female patients, patients aged 18-30 years, and those with recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) were prone to high fear profile. The result indicated that the higher illness perception and lower meaning in life, the greater the likelihood of being classified into a higher fear profile.
IMPLICATIONS: Three latent profiles of fear of progression exist in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Healthcare providers should develop and implement tailored strategies based on the characteristics of three profiles to alleviate fear of progression and maintain mental health.