AI辅助、以缺陷为导向的运动干预后肥胖儿童身体成分和姿势控制的改善

文献信息

中文摘要

目的： 探讨AI辅助的个体化运动管理模式对肥胖儿童身体成分、身体素质和姿势稳定性的影响，为后续随机对照试验提供可行性基础。
方法： 开展了一项单组前后对照试点研究。来自四川大学华西第二医院的19名单纯性肥胖儿童（女7名，男12名；平均年龄10.11 ± 2.0岁）于2024年7月至9月完成了为期12周的运动干预。AI系统根据基线评估生成个体化FITT-VP处方，并通过训练反馈动态调整，由现场教练实施。在干预前后测量结局指标。
结果： 所有19名儿童均完成了干预，无不良事件发生。主要结局：BMI从25.29 ± 3.56降至23.64 ± 3.60 kg/m2（p < 0.001，d = 0.46），体脂肪量从21.06 ± 6.70降至17.94 ± 6.69 kg（p < 0.001，d = 0.47）。次要结局：腰围（p < 0.01，d = 0.31）、握力（p < 0.01，d = 0.54）、1分钟跳绳（p < 0.01，d = 1.15）、1分钟仰卧起坐（p < 0.05，d = 1.00）和坐位体前屈（p < 0.05，d = 0.67）均显著改善。在八方向姿势控制评估中，各方向的终点偏移和最大偏移均呈现改善趋势，四个方向的反应用时显著缩短（p < 0.05）。在感觉统合测试中，SOT-4和SOT-5的平均平衡百分比显著增加（分别为p < 0.01，d = 1.05和d = 0.58），综合平衡评分增加24.15%（p < 0.001，d = 1.28）。视觉比率显著增加19.5%（p < 0.05，d = 0.80），而前庭比率增加15.3%，接近但未达到统计学显著性（p = 0.054，d = 0.43）。
结论： AI辅助、以缺陷为导向的运动干预在该肥胖儿童队列中显示出良好的可行性和安全性。观察到的身体成分、运动功能和姿势控制指标的改善为后续儿童肥胖精准运动管理的验证性试验提供了可行性依据。

英文摘要

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of an AI-assisted, individualized exercise management model on body composition, physical fitness, and postural stability in children with obesity, providing a feasibility foundation for subsequent randomized controlled trials.
METHODS: A single-group, pre-post pilot study was conducted. Nineteen children with simple obesity (7 girls, 12 boys; mean age 10.11 ± 2.0 years) from West China Second Hospital (July-September 2024) completed a 12-week exercise intervention. The AI system generated individualized FITT-VP prescriptions based on baseline assessments and dynamically adjusted them via training feedback, with on-site coach implementation. Outcomes were measured pre- and post-intervention.
RESULTS: All 19 children completed the intervention with no adverse events. Primary outcomes: BMI decreased from 25.29 ± 3.56 to 23.64 ± 3.60 kg/m2 (p < 0.001, d = 0.46), and body fat mass from 21.06 ± 6.70 to 17.94 ± 6.69 kg (p < 0.001, d = 0.47). Secondary outcomes: waist circumference (p < 0.01, d = 0.31), grip strength (p < 0.01, d = 0.54), 1-min jump rope (p < 0.01, d = 1.15), 1-min sit-ups (p < 0.05, d = 1.00), and sit-and-reach (p < 0.05, d = 0.67) all improved significantly. In the eight-directional postural control assessment, endpoint excursion and maximum excursion exhibited improvement trends in all directions, and reaction time was significantly reduced in four directions (p < 0.05). In the Sensory Organization Test, the mean balance percentages for SOT-4 and SOT-5 significantly increased (p < 0.01, d = 1.05 and d = 0.58, respectively), and the composite balance score increased by 24.15% (p < 0.001, d = 1.28). The visual ratio significantly increased by 19.5% (p < 0.05, d = 0.80), whereas the vestibular ratio increased by 15.3%, approaching but not reaching statistical significance (p = 0.054, d = 0.43).
CONCLUSION: The AI-assisted, deficit-oriented exercise intervention demonstrated good feasibility and safety in this cohort of children with obesity. The observed improvements in body composition, motor function, and postural control indicators provide a feasibility basis for subsequent confirmatory trials on precision exercise management for childhood obesity.