舌骨运动对离体人喉真声带和假声带构型的影响。

文献信息

中文摘要

目的： 虽然人们普遍认为外在肌肉激活可能改变喉的位置和方向，但其对声带构型，特别是内侧表面形状的影响，在很大程度上仍不清楚。本研究在离体人喉中探讨了舌骨运动对真声带和假声带构型的影响。
方法： 对每个喉，在一侧甲状软骨板上开窗，以提供真声带和假声带的内侧视野。将喉垂直安装并固定环状软骨。舌骨位置沿上方向和前后方向被系统性地改变。在不同舌骨位置重建声带内侧表面和假声带的三维形状。
结果： 舌骨向上运动抬升假声带，增加喉室的垂直宽度和深度。舌骨向上运动还减少声带长度，使声带向上和向后倾斜（前上舌骨运动除外），并增加声门宽度（后上舌骨运动除外）。舌骨向上运动对声带垂直厚度的影响不显著，且具有喉特异性。
结论： 这些结果表明，喉外操作对声带长度和倾斜的影响比声带内侧表面形状的影响更一致，而声带内侧表面形状似乎主要由喉内肌控制。

英文摘要

OBJECTIVES: While it is generally understood that extrinsic muscle activation may change larynx position and orientation, its effect on vocal fold configuration, particularly the medial surface shape, remains largely unknown. In this study, the effects of hyoid bone movement on the true and false vocal fold configurations were investigated in excised human larynges.
METHOD: For each larynx, a window was opened on one thyroid lamina to provide a medial view of the true vocal fold and false vocal fold. The larynx was mounted vertically with the cricoid cartilage fixed. The hyoid bone position was systematically modified along both the superior and anterior-posterior directions. The three-dimensional shape of the vocal fold medial surface and false vocal fold was reconstructed at different hyoid positions.
RESULTS: Upward hyoid movement lifted the false vocal fold, increasing both the vertical width and depth of the ventricle. Upward hyoid movement also decreased vocal fold length and tilted the vocal fold upward and backward (except for anterior-superior hyoid movement), and increased glottal width (except for posterior-superior hyoid movement). The effect of upward hyoid movement on vocal fold vertical thickness was insignificant and larynx-specific.
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that extralaryngeal manipulations have more consistent effects on vocal fold length and tilting than the shape of the vocal fold medial surface, which appears to be largely controlled by intrinsic laryngeal muscles.