困难气道的故障排除。

文献信息

中文摘要

困难气道是一种高风险事件，源于生理紊乱、解剖挑战和技术困难。缓解需要主动复苏生理困难气道并优化经口气管插管技术。关键操作策略包括在所有气道操作中使用气道核查表，优先使用视频喉镜，采用渐进式吸引方法如吸引辅助喉镜检查以进行气道净化，以及采用探条优先的方法选择引导器。当经口气管插管失败时，提供者必须熟练掌握高级技术，如柔性支气管镜检查和紧急颈前气道建立。模拟和持续质量保证对于维持困难气道故障排除的能力至关重要。

英文摘要

The failed airway is a high-stakes event arising from deranged physiology, challenging anatomy, and technical difficulty. Mitigation requires proactive resuscitation of the physiologically difficult airway and optimizing oral intubation techniques. Key procedural strategies include airway checklist use during all airways, prioritizing video laryngoscopy, employing progressive suction methods like suction-assisted laryngoscopy for airway decontamination, and using a bougie-first approach for introducer selection. When oral intubation fails, providers must be proficient in advanced techniques such as flexible bronchoscopy and emergency front-of-neck access. Simulation and continuous quality assurance are essential to maintain competency in troubleshooting the failed airway.