说话者对半封闭声道练习适应机制的计算发声建模研究

文献信息

中文摘要

背景： 半封闭声道练习（SOVTE）是一种涉及声道前部部分闭塞的发声练习，通常通过向狭窄的管子发声来进行。尽管SOVTE广泛用于嗓音治疗和教学，但其治疗益处的生理机制仍不清楚。方法：在这项计算研究中，使用三维模型研究了在不同声带构型下，有或无半闭塞时的发声情况。结果：在声带内收较弱的情况下，半闭塞显著增加了发声阈值压力。在声带内收较强的情况下，半闭塞减少了平均声门面积并增加了声门闭合的持续时间。结论：这些发现提示了两种可能的适应机制，通过这两种机制，SOVTE可能引导说话者走向高效的发声构型。对于发声功能低下的说话者，与发声阈值压力升高相关的呼吸努力增加可能鼓励声带内收增加。对于习惯性声带内收过紧的说话者，声带接触持续时间的增加可能改变机械感觉反馈，并促进声带内收的代偿性减少。总之，这些适应可能促进采用中间声带内收构型，这种构型与高声带效率和降低声带损伤风险相关。这种适应效应可能在SOVTE后短暂持续，但随时间逐渐减弱。

英文摘要

Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises (SOVTE) are vocal exercises involving partial occlusion in the front part of the vocal tract, often through phonation into a narrow tube. Although SOVTE are widely used in voice therapy and pedagogy, the physiological mechanisms underlying their therapeutic benefits remain unclear. In this computational study, voice production at different vocal fold configurations with and without semi-occlusion was investigated in a three-dimensional model. Semi-occlusion significantly increased phonation threshold pressure under conditions of weak vocal fold adduction. Under conditions of strong vocal fold adduction, semi-occlusion reduced mean glottal area and increased the duration of glottal closure. These findings suggest two possible adaptation mechanisms through which SOVTE may guide speakers toward an efficient phonatory configuration. For speakers with hypofunctional voice, increased respiratory effort associated with elevated phonation threshold pressure may encourage increased vocal fold adduction. For speakers with habitually tight vocal fold adduction, increased duration of vocal fold contact may alter mechanosensory feedback and promote compensatory reductions in vocal fold adduction. Together, these adaptations may facilitate adoption of an intermediate vocal fold adduction configuration, which is associated with high vocal efficiency and reduced risk of vocal fold injury. Such adaptation effects may persist briefly after SOVTE but gradually diminish over time.