用于睡眠呼吸监测的多模态水凝胶基传感器：信号传感机制与结构设计策略

文献信息

中文摘要

背景： 睡眠相关呼吸障碍，尤其是阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征，导致对连续、舒适且准确监测技术的迫切需求。然而，传统多导睡眠图受限于操作复杂、佩戴舒适性差以及对长期监测的适用性有限。由于其类皮肤力学性能、高生物相容性、高离子电导率和优异的组织相容性，水凝胶已成为柔性生物电子设备的有前景材料。近年来的多模态水凝胶基传感器能够同时采集机械、温湿度和电生理信号，为全面睡眠呼吸监测提供了新机遇。方法：本综述系统讨论了获取和分析多模态生理信号的机制，包括呼吸运动、呼吸气流、辅助生理信号以及人工智能辅助的睡眠呼吸状态识别。结果：此外，还综述了结构设计策略，包括单层、多层、仿生和集成架构，以阐明结构配置如何促进多模态信号采集、信号干扰抑制和传感性能优化。结论：本综述为未来开发面向睡眠呼吸监测的高性能可穿戴多模态水凝胶基传感器提供了有价值的参考。

英文摘要

Sleep-related breathing disorders, particularly the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, lead to an urgent demand for continuous, comfortable, and accurate monitoring technologies. However, conventional polysomnography is limited by complex procedures, poor wearing comfort, and restricted suitability for long-term monitoring. Owing to their skin-like mechanical performance, high biocompatibility, high ionic conductivity, and excellent tissue compatibility, hydrogels have emerged as promising materials for flexible bioelectronic devices. Recent multimodal hydrogel-based sensors enable simultaneous acquisition of mechanical, thermohygrometric, and electrophysiological signals, providing new opportunities for comprehensive sleep respiratory monitoring. This review systematically discusses the mechanisms for acquiring and analyzing multimodal physiological signals, including respiratory motion, respiratory airflow, auxiliary physiological signals, and AI-assisted sleep respiratory state recognition. Furthermore, structural design strategies, including single-layer, multilayer, biomimetic, and integrated architectures, are reviewed to clarify how structural configurations facilitate multimodal signal acquisition, signal interference suppression, and sensing performance optimization. This review provides valuable references for the future development of high-performance wearable multimodal hydrogel-based sensors toward sleep respiratory monitoring.