喉切除患者发声假体的平均使用寿命及影响因素
Average lifetime of voice prostheses in laryngectomized patients and influencing factors.
文献信息
| PMID | 42815565 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Clara Espina González |
| 作者单位 | Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain. |
| 期刊 | Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola |
| SCI 分区 | Q3 |
| IF | 1.1 |
| 研究类型 | 临床研究 · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 咽喉科 |
中文摘要
目的： 放置发声假体是喉切除患者发声康复的参考治疗方法。这些装置具有预定的使用寿命，需要定期更换，更换频率因患者而异，并取决于尚未明确确定的各种因素。本研究的目的是确定与假体更换频率相关的因素，并描述样本特征和假体的平均使用寿命。
方法： 进行了一项回顾性多中心研究。因变量是发声假体的年更换次数。自变量包括年龄、性别、肿瘤位置和分期、手术类型（喉切除术 vs. 咽喉切除术）、假体放置时机（一期 vs. 二期），以及术前或术后放化疗治疗。进行了单变量（t检验、方差分析）和多变量（多元线性回归）分析。
结果： 共纳入135例患者。发声假体的平均使用寿命为115天（每年更换3.15次）。在多变量分析中，手术类型是唯一与更换次数独立相关的变量（95%置信区间 = 咽喉切除术组每年多0.16 - 2.05次更换；p = .02）。未观察到与假体放置时间、放化疗或其余分析因素有显著关联。
结论： 咽喉切除术患者的年更换次数更高。观察到一种接近统计学显著性的趋势，即二期插入假体的患者年更换率较低。所分析的其他因素均未显著影响假体的耐久性。
英文摘要
PURPOSE: The placement of a phonatory prosthesis is the reference treatment for phonatory rehabilitation in laryngectomised patients. These devices have a predetermined useful life and require periodic replacements, the frequency of which varies between patients and depends on various factors not yet clearly established. The objective of this study was to determine the factors related to the frequency of prosthesis changes as well as to describe the characteristics of the sample and the average useful life of the prostheses.
METHODS: A retrospective multicentre study was conducted. The dependent variable was the number of annual replacements of speaking prostheses. Independent variables included age, sex, tumour location and staging, type of surgery (laryngectomy vs. pharyngolaryngectomy), timing of prosthesis placement (primary vs. secondary), and treatment with preoperative or postoperative chemoradiotherapy. A univariate (t-test, ANOVA) and multivariate (multiple linear regression) analysis was performed.
RESULTS: 135 patients were included. The average useful life of the voice prosthesis was 115 days (3.15 replacements per year). In the multivariate analysis, the type of surgery was the only variable independently associated with the number of replacements (IC 95% = .16 - 2.05 replacements/year more in pharyngolaryngectomygroup; p = .02). No significant associations were observed with the time of placement of the prosthesis, chemoradiotherapy or with the rest of the factors analyzed.
CONCLUSION: The number of annual replacements was higher in patients with pharyngolaryngectomy. A trend was observed, bordering on statistical significance, towards a lower rate of annual replacements in patients whose prosthesis was inserted secondarily. None of the other factors analysed significantly influenced the durability of the prosthesis.