3D打印人类听小骨的现状：一项系统综述。
Current status of 3D-printed human ossicles: a systematic review.
文献信息
| PMID | 42814984 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Elissa Suleiman |
| 作者单位 | Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark. |
| 期刊 | Acta oto-laryngologica |
| SCI 分区 | Q3 |
| IF | 1.3 |
| 研究类型 | 综述 Meta · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 耳科 |
中文摘要
背景： 三维（3D）打印听小骨模型可能在教育和临床实践中有用，但精确复制仍具挑战性。
目的： 系统综述3D打印听小骨，以梳理复制方法、影响准确性的因素，并提出实现更高准确性所需的创新。
方法： 检索PubMed、Embase、Scopus和Web of Science，从建库至2025年6月。两名评价者独立筛选最终纳入文献。提取影像学、分割、3D打印技术、材料和后处理的数据。教育研究使用医学教育研究研究质量工具进行评价。由耳外科医生组成的小组对听小骨图像的真实感和可视化进行评分。
结果： 共纳入65项研究。大多数模型将听小骨嵌入健康颞骨中（n=46），较少为病理模型（n=6）或独立模型（n=13）。镫骨常缺失或复制不佳，而锤骨和砧骨通常可识别。更高的真实感与微CT或锥形束CT联合立体光刻或PolyJet打印相关。这些基于光聚合物的技术使部分模型中的听小骨具有活动性。然而，复制方法和解剖准确性的报告往往有限，限制了研究之间的深入比较。
结论与意义： 精确的听小骨复制正在兴起，但取决于影像学、处理和3D打印的优化。需要标准化报告，以改善方法之间的比较，并支持其在培训和重建中的应用。
英文摘要
BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional (3D) printed ossicle models may be useful in education and clinical practice, but accurate replication remains challenging.
AIM: To systematically review 3D-printed ossicles to map replication methods, factors influencing accuracy, and suggest needed innovations for higher accuracy.
METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from inception through June 2025. Two reviewers independently screened for final inclusion. Data on imaging, segmentation, 3D-printing-technology, materials, and post-processing were extracted. Educational studies were appraised using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument. A panel of otosurgeons rated ossicle images for realism and visualization.
RESULTS: Sixty-five studies were included. Most models embedded ossicles in healthy temporal-bones (n = 46), with fewer pathological (n = 6) or stand-alone models (n = 13). Stapes was often absent or poorly reproduced, whereas malleus and incus were usually recognizable. Higher realism was associated with micro-CT or cone-beam-CT combined with stereolithography or PolyJet-printing. These photopolymer-based technologies allowed ossicle mobility in selected models. However, reporting of replication methods and anatomical accuracy was often limited, constraining deeper comparison between studies.
CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: Accurate ossicle replication is emerging but depends on optimization of imaging, processing, and 3D-printing. Standardized reporting is needed to improve comparison between methods and support use in training and reconstruction.