按年龄和性别分层的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停及卒中风险共病患病率：一项大型横断面电子健康记录研究
Age- and sex-stratified prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea and stroke risk comorbidities: A large cross-sectional EHR study.
文献信息
| PMID | 42814704 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Rupesh Agrawal |
| 作者单位 | Department of Health Informatics, College of Informatics, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, Kentucky, United States of America. |
| 期刊 | PloS one |
| SCI 分区 | Q2 |
| IF | 3.3 |
| 研究类型 | 临床研究 · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 咽喉科 |
中文摘要
目的： 利用大型、基于人群的电子健康记录数据集，描述阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停及与[公式：见正文]组成部分相对应的共病情况的年龄和性别分层患病模式。
研究设计： 研究队列包括556,474名独特的去标识化OSA患者（ICD-9编码327.23），从符合HIPAA的Cerner[公式：见正文]数据库（1999-2016年）中挖掘。使用结构化查询语言（SQL）挖掘患者记录，按年龄、性别和符合[公式：见正文]的卒中风险共病进行分层，以开展基于人群的横断面流行病学研究。
方法： 应用临床和流行病学研究信息学方法，按年龄（5岁间隔）、性别和符合[公式：见正文]标准的卒中风险共病来描述OSA患病模式。根据主要诊断类别（MDC）分类检查身体层面的器官系统受累情况。
结果： 按年龄分层的横断面分析显示，OSA（男性：10.43%，女性：9.28%）、高血压（男性：7.37%，女性：7.11%）以及临床就诊的患病率在两种性别的55岁时达到峰值，而心血管共病的最高患病率见于较年长年龄组（65-70岁）。高血压最为普遍（57.83%），其次是糖尿病（34.7%）、充血性心力衰竭（17.7%）、心房颤动（13.31%）、血管疾病（12.3%）和既往卒中/TIA（4.78%）。MDC分析显示，患病率在耳鼻喉、心血管和肌肉骨骼身体系统中较为突出，这与OSA患者慢性间歇性缺氧的病理生理学一致。这些模式反映的是人群水平的年龄特异性患病率差异，而非纵向疾病进展。
结论： 这项大型横断面研究（556,474名患者）提供了OSA相关卒中风险共病的详细年龄和性别特异性患病率估计。虽然无法得出因果或时间推断，但这些发现突出了人群水平的患病模式，可能为假设驱动的纵向研究和未来卒中风险模型的评估提供信息。
英文摘要
OBJECTIVE: To characterize age- and sex-stratified prevalence patterns of obstructive sleep apnea and co-morbid conditions corresponding to [Formula: see text] components using a large, population-based electronic health record dataset.
STUDY DESIGN: The study cohort included 556,474 unique de-identified OSA patients (ICD-9 code 327.23), mined from HIPAA-compliant Cerner [Formula: see text] database (1999-2016). The patient records were mined using Structured Query Language (SQL), stratified by age, gender, and stroke risk comorbidities per [Formula: see text], to conduct a population-based cross-sectional epidemiological study.
METHODS: Clinical and epidemiological research informatics methodologies are applied to characterize OSA prevalence patterns across age (5-year intervals), gender, and stroke risk comorbidities per [Formula: see text] criteria. Body-level organ system involvement was examined according to the Major Diagnostic Category (MDC) classification.
RESULTS: Age-stratified cross-sectional analyses showed that prevalence rates for OSA (m: 10.43%, f: 9.28%), hypertension (m: 7.37%, f: 7.11%), along with clinical encounters, peaked at age 55 for both genders, whereas the highest prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities was observed in older age groups (ages 65-70). Hypertension was most prevalent (57.83%), followed by diabetes (34.7%), congestive heart failure (17.7%), atrial fibrillation (13.31%), vascular disease (12.3%), and prior stroke/TIA (4.78%). MDC analysis revealed that prevalence is pronounced in ENT, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal body systems, consistent with the pathophysiology of chronic intermittent hypoxia in OSA patients. These patterns reflect population-level age-specific prevalence differences rather than longitudinal disease progression.
CONCLUSION: This large cross-sectional study (556,474 patients) provides detailed age- and sex-specific prevalence estimates of OSA-associated stroke-risk comorbidities. While causal or temporal inferences cannot be drawn, the findings highlight population-level prevalence patterns that may inform hypothesis-driven longitudinal studies and future evaluation of stroke-risk models.