Article record

美国老年人听力损失患病率：HRS 2016至2018年听力筛查数据

Hearing Loss Prevalence Among Older US Adults: HRS 2016 to 2018 Hearing Screener Data.

临床研究耳科IF 2.9Q1

文献信息

PMID	42808745
原文	在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗
发表日期	2026
作者	Janet S Choi 查看其他 7 位作者 Raaif Bokhari；Zachary Thompson；Jung Ki Kim；Eun Young Choi；Wendy J Mack；Jennifer A Ailshire；Eileen M Crimmins
作者单位	Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA. 查看其他 3 条单位信息 Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.；Davis School of Gerontology at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.；Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA.
期刊	Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
SCI 分区	Q1
IF	2.9
研究类型	临床研究 · 临床
所属专科	耳科

中文摘要

目的： 基于健康与退休研究（HRS）中的听力筛查设备（HearCheck）估计美国成人听力损失的患病率，并将这些估计值与基于纯音测听的美国国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）患病率进行比较。
研究设计： 横断面研究。
地点： HRS 2016至2018年与NHANES 2015至2020年。
方法： 研究队列包括完成HearCheck听力筛查的年龄≥55岁的HRS参与者（n=12,756）。听力损失定义为较好耳设备评分<6。对于NHANES测听数据（n=2552），听力损失采用语音频率纯音平均（PTA）的预设截断值定义。患病率使用调查权重进行估计，并基于两比例z检验对估计值进行比较。
结果： 在年龄≥55岁的成人中，HRS中听力损失的患病率为54.8%（95% CI，53.7%-56.0%），当听力损失定义为PTA≥20dBHL时，这与NHANES中估计的患病率54.5%（51.1%-57.8%）密切匹配（P=.82）。进一步比较估计值，HRS中轻度听力困难（HearCheck评分3-5）的患病率为48.8%（47.6%-49.9%），与NHANES中轻至中度听力损失（20-49dBHL）的患病率48.2%（45.4%-51.1%）相匹配（P=.70）。HRS中中度至重度困难（HearCheck评分0-2）的患病率为6.1%（5.6%-6.5%），与NHANES中中度重度或更差听力损失（≥50dBHL）的患病率6.2%（4.8%-8.0%）相匹配（P=.82）。
结论： 来自HRS听力筛查设备的听力损失患病率估计值与NHANES测听获得的估计值密切匹配。虽然标准化测听是首选，但听力筛查工具为大规模人群研究中客观评估听力提供了一种有用的替代方法。

英文摘要

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of hearing loss among US adults based on a hearing screening device (HearCheck) in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), and to compare these estimates with prevalence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) based on pure-tone audiometry.
STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional.
SETTING: HRS 2016 to 2018 and NHANES 2015 to 2020.
METHODS: Study cohort included HRS participants aged ≥55 years who completed HearCheck hearing screening (n = 12,756). Hearing loss was defined using a device score<6 in the better hearing ear. For NHANES audiometry data (n = 2552), hearing loss was defined using pre-defined cut-offs of the speech-frequency pure-tone average (PTA). Prevalence was estimated using survey weights, and the estimates were compared based on two-proportion z-tests.
RESULTS: Among adults aged ≥55 years, the prevalence of hearing loss in HRS was 54.8% (95% CI, 53.7%-56.0%), which closely matched the estimated prevalence in NHANES at 54.5% (51.1%-57.8%) when hearing loss was defined as PTA ≥ 20dBHL (P = .82). Further comparing the estimates, the prevalence of mild hearing difficulties (HearCheck score 3-5) in HRS at 48.8% (47.6%-49.9%) matched with the prevalence of mild to moderate hearing loss (20-49dBHL) at 48.2% (45.4%-51.1%) in NHANES (P = .70). The prevalence of moderate to severe difficulties (HearCheck score 0-2) at 6.1% (5.6%-6.5%) in HRS matched with the prevalence of moderately severe or worse hearing loss (≥50dBHL) in NHANES at 6.2% (4.8%-8.0%) (P = .82).
CONCLUSION: Hearing loss prevalence estimates derived from a hearing screening device in HRS closely matched those obtained from audiometry in NHANES. While standardized audiometry is preferred, hearing screening tools offer a useful alternative for objectively assessing hearing in large-scale population studies.