城市环境中的耳鸣：来自汉堡城市健康研究的生活方式与医学因素见解。
Tinnitus in urban settings: insights into lifestyle and medical factors from the Hamburg City Health Study.
文献信息
| PMID | 42806132 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Benjamin Becker |
| 作者单位 | Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. b.becker@uke.de. |
| 期刊 | European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery |
| SCI 分区 | Q1 |
| IF | 2.3 |
| 研究类型 | 临床研究 · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 耳科 |
中文摘要
目的： 耳鸣是一种常见的多因素听觉疾病，伴随相当程度的心理社会负担。关于其与人口学、生活方式及医学因素关系的证据仍不一致。本研究旨在确定西欧城市人群中耳鸣的患病率及其相关因素，重点关注汉堡城市健康研究（HCHS）中的生活方式、社会经济和临床特征。
方法： 我们对HCHS中14,355名年龄45-74岁参与者的数据进行了基于人群的横断面分析。耳鸣状态由自我报告的医学诊断定义。统计分析中，我们拟合了以耳鸣状态为二分类结局的年龄和性别校正logistic回归模型。比值比（OR）及相应的95%置信区间（95% CI）由模型系数得出。在人口学、合并症、用药、主观听力困难及环境噪声暴露等领域考察了关联。
结果： 终生自我报告医生诊断的耳鸣为19.3%。男性、年龄较大、既往耳鼻喉手术、感音神经性和传导性听力损失、抗抑郁药使用、夜班工作、睡眠呼吸暂停、颈动脉狭窄、偏头痛和带状疱疹与耳鸣相关。有耳鸣的参与者报告了更严重的听力困难、更明显的听力问题社会后果以及更高的感知环境噪声暴露。收入、教育、饮酒或职业噪声暴露未观察到相关关联。
结论： 城市人群中的耳鸣与听觉和心理合并症及感知环境噪声相关，但与传统社会经济因素无关。这些发现凸显了耳鸣的多因素性质，并强调需要整合医学、听力学和心理社会管理的综合方法。
英文摘要
PURPOSE: Tinnitus is a common and multifactorial auditory condition associated with considerable psychosocial burden. Evidence regarding its relationship with demographic, lifestyle, and medical factors remains inconsistent. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of tinnitus in an urban Western European population, focusing on lifestyle, socioeconomic, and clinical characteristics within the Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS).
METHODS: We conducted a population-based cross-sectional analysis of data from 14,355 participants aged 45-74 years enrolled in the HCHS. Tinnitus status was defined by self-reported medical diagnosis. For statistical analyses we fitted age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression models with tinnitus status as the binary outcome. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were derived from the model coefficients. Associations were examined across domains including demographics, comorbidities, medication, subjective hearing difficulties, and environmental noise exposure.
RESULTS: The lifetime self-reported physician-diagnosed tinnitus was 19.3%. Male sex, older age, previous ENT surgery, sensorineural and conductive hearing loss, antidepressant use, night-shift work, sleep apnea, carotid stenosis, migraines, and shingles were associated with tinnitus. Participants with tinnitus reported greater hearing difficulties, more pronounced social consequences of hearing problems, and higher perceived environmental noise exposure. No relevant associations were observed for income, education, alcohol consumption, or occupational noise exposure.
CONCLUSION: Tinnitus in urban populations is linked to auditory and psychological comorbidities and perceived environmental noise, but not to traditional socioeconomic factors. These findings highlight the multifactorial nature of tinnitus and emphasize the need for integrated medical, audiological, and psychosocial management approaches.