听力损失中的音乐享受：超越听觉感知

文献信息

中文摘要

背景/目的： 音乐是生活质量的重要组成部分，并日益被视为听力保健中以患者为中心的有意义结局。尽管听力损失个体常报告音乐享受减少，但该领域研究主要集中于听觉感知，包括音高、音色、旋律和音质。因此，尽管越来越多的证据表明享受代表一种更广泛的主观体验，音乐享受往往主要通过感知表现来概念化和测量。方法：本叙述性综述通过整合听力学、音乐心理学、情感神经科学和患者报告结局测量方面的文献，考察当前对听力损失个体音乐享受的概念化。结果：我们将音乐享受讨论为一个多维构念，受听觉感知影响但不限于听觉感知。其他决定因素包括情绪奖赏、音乐参与、既往音乐经验、期望、身份认同、聆听行为和社交情境。我们进一步审视证据，表明音乐感知与音乐享受虽然相关，但在听力损失个体之间可能显著分离，突显了将感知保真度等同于患者体验的局限性。最后，我们考虑这一概念区分对听力康复和音乐相关结局测量的意义。结论：我们认为，有必要以更广泛的以患者为中心的理解来认识音乐享受，以指导未来研究、为临床实践提供信息，并支持开发能够捕捉听力损失个体音乐体验复杂性的下一代患者报告结局测量工具。

英文摘要

Background/Objectives: Music is an important component of quality of life and is increasingly recognized as a meaningful patient-centered outcome in hearing healthcare. Although individuals with hearing loss frequently report reduced enjoyment of music, research in this area has focused on auditory perception, including pitch, timbre, melody, and sound quality. Consequently, music enjoyment is often conceptualized and measured primarily through perceptual performance, despite growing evidence that enjoyment represents a broader subjective experience. Methods: This narrative review examines the current conceptualization of music enjoyment in individuals with hearing loss by integrating literature from audiology, music psychology, affective neuroscience, and patient-reported outcome measurement. Results: We discuss music enjoyment as a multidimensional construct influenced by, but not limited to, auditory perception. Additional determinants include emotional reward, musical engagement, prior musical experience, expectations, identity, listening behaviors, and social context. We further examine evidence demonstrating that music perception and music enjoyment, while related, may diverge substantially across individuals with hearing loss, highlighting the limitations of equating perceptual fidelity with patient experience. Finally, we consider the implications of this conceptual distinction for hearing rehabilitation and music-related outcome measurement. Conclusions: We argue that a broader patient-centered understanding of music enjoyment is necessary to guide future research, inform clinical practice, and support the development of next-generation patient-reported outcome measures capable of capturing the complexity of music experience in individuals with hearing loss.