长期耳聋持续时间对人工耳蜗植入性能影响的特征分析

文献信息

中文摘要

目的： 评估成人人工耳蜗植入后，长期未助听耳聋持续时间（DoD）对言语感知结果的影响。
方法： 对2012年至2023年间在单一高容量中心接受人工耳蜗植入的成人患者进行回顾性审查。符合人工耳蜗（CI）标准且有≥5年记录在案的未助听耳聋的患者被分为三组（DoD 5-9年、10-19年和≥20年）。主要结局为术后3个月和12个月的CNC单词识别评分。
结果： 41例患者符合纳入标准。在3个月时，DoD≥20年的患者与较短持续时间组相比，CNC单词识别评分较低。在12个月时，各组之间未观察到显著差异。无可测量术前听阈的患者更可能成为设备非使用者或未能达到开放集言语感知。
结论： 患者在不同耳聋持续时间范围内均表现出有意义的言语感知结果，尽管较长的DoD与早期改善较慢相关。无可测量术前听阈可能识别出一个功能获益有限风险较高的亚组，应在术前咨询中予以考虑。

英文摘要

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of prolonged unaided duration of deafness (DoD) on speech perception outcomes following cochlear implantation in adults.
METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of adult cochlear implant recipients at a single high-volume center between 2012 and 2023. Patients with ≥ 5 years of documented unaided deafness meeting cochlear implant (CI) criteria were stratified into three groups (5-9, 10-19, and ≥ 20 years DoD). The primary outcome was CNC word recognition scores at 3 and 12 months post-operatively.
RESULTS: Forty-one patients met inclusion criteria. At 3 months, patients with ≥ 20 years DoD demonstrated lower CNC word recognition scores compared with shorter duration groups. No significant differences were observed between groups at 12 months. Patients without measurable pre-operative hearing thresholds were more likely to be device non-users or fail to achieve open-set speech perception.
CONCLUSION: Patients demonstrated meaningful speech perception outcomes across a range of deafness durations, though longer DoD was associated with slower early improvement. Absence of measurable pre-operative hearing thresholds may identify a subgroup at higher risk for limited functional benefit and should be considered during pre-operative counseling.