前庭电刺激联合前庭康复治疗慢性单侧前庭功能减退的有效性：一项随机对照试验

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中文摘要

目的： 评估前庭电刺激（VES）联合前庭康复（VR）对慢性单侧前庭功能减退（UVH）患者的有效性。
患者与方法： 40例年龄18-65岁、诊断为UVH的患者被随机分为两组。参与者接受为期4周的干预：VR组接受监督下的前庭康复，而VR+VES组在监督下前庭康复的基础上额外接受前庭电刺激。两组在治疗前后进行评估，包括眩晕障碍量表（DHI）、视觉模拟量表（VAS）、Berg平衡量表（BBS）、计时起立-行走测试（TUG）、活动特异性平衡信心量表（ABCs）、贝克焦虑量表（BAI）、贝克抑郁量表（BDI）以及静态姿势描记法。
结果： 40例入组患者中有38例（95%）完成了研究。治疗后，两组在DHI、VAS、BBS和ABCs评分方面均观察到统计学显著改善（p<0.05）。此外，VR+VES组在TUG、BAI、BDI以及右侧稳定极限方面显示出显著改善（p<0.05）。
结论： 监督下的前庭康复有效改善了慢性UVH患者的眩晕严重程度、平衡和功能状态。在监督下前庭康复的基础上增加前庭电刺激进一步增强了姿势稳定性，降低了跌倒风险，并减轻了焦虑和抑郁症状。

英文摘要

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of vestibular electrical stimulation (VES) combined with vestibular rehabilitation (VR) in patients with chronic unilateral vestibular hypofunction (UVH).
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty patients aged 18-65 years, diagnosed with UVH, were randomized into two groups. Participants underwent a 4-week intervention: the VR group received supervised VR, whereas the VR+VES group received VES in addition to supervised VR. The groups were evaluated before and after treatment, including the dizziness handicap inventory (DHI), visual analogue scale (VAS), Berg balance scale (BBS), timed up-and-go test (TUG), activity-specific balance and confidence scale (ABCs), Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), Beck depression inventory (BDI), and static posturography.
RESULTS: Thirty-eight of 40 enrolled patients (95%) completed the study. Statistically significant improvements were observed in DHI, VAS, BBS, and ABCs scores in both groups after treatment (p<0.05). Additionally, the VR+VES group showed significant improvements in TUG, BAI, BDI, and right-sided limits of stability (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION: Supervised VR effectively improved dizziness severity, balance, and functional status in patients with chronic UVH. The addition of VES to supervised VR further enhanced postural stability, reduced the risk of falls, and alleviated symptoms of anxiety and depression.