成人糖尿病患者听力健康监测：为整合照护路径提供信息的范围综述

文献信息

中文摘要

目的： 糖尿病是听力损失的重要危险因素，凸显了基于证据的听力健康监测的必要性。未诊断和未治疗的听力损失会损害沟通、减少日常活动参与并降低生活质量。本范围综述综合了成人糖尿病患者听力损失筛查和评估的当前证据，并识别知识空白，为制定基于证据的听力健康监测框架提供信息。
设计： 按照乔安娜布里格斯研究所方法学进行范围综述。检索了七个电子数据库，纳入报告糖尿病与听力损失关系原始数据的同行评议研究。
结果： 共201项研究符合纳入标准。文献代表了全球证据基础，研究在不同环境中进行，包括医院、社区和糖尿病诊所、学校、听力学诊所、门诊诊所和研究中心。纯音测听是最常用的评估方法，其次是电生理测量和耳声发射。不到一半的研究提供了听力筛查、评估或监测的建议，仅六项倡导早期转诊至听力保健服务。
结论： 尽管越来越多的证据将糖尿病与听力损失联系起来，但在诊断评估、听力健康监测、转诊路径以及糖尿病照护中的跨学科整合方面仍存在重要空白。本综述的发现为制定基于证据的听力健康监测框架提供了基础，并支持将听力健康纳入协调的以人为本的糖尿病照护路径。

英文摘要

Objectives: Diabetes is a significant risk factor for hearing loss, highlighting the need for evidence-informed hearing health monitoring. Undiagnosed and untreated hearing loss can impair communication, reduce participation in daily activities, and diminish quality of life. This scoping review synthesized the current evidence on hearing loss screening and assessment in adults living with diabetes and identified knowledge gaps to inform the development of an evidence-informed hearing health monitoring framework. Design: A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Seven electronic databases were searched for peer-reviewed studies reporting primary data on the relationship between diabetes and hearing loss. Results: A total of 201 studies met the inclusion criteria. The literature represented a global evidence base, with studies conducted across diverse settings, including hospitals, community and diabetes clinics, schools, audiology clinics, outpatient clinics, and research centres. Pure-tone audiometry was the most frequently used assessment, followed by electrophysiological measures and otoacoustic emissions. Fewer than half of the studies provided recommendations for hearing screening, assessment, or monitoring, and only six advocated for early referral to hearing healthcare services. Conclusions: Despite growing evidence linking diabetes and hearing loss, important gaps remain in recommendations for diagnostic assessment, hearing health monitoring, referral pathways, and interdisciplinary integration within diabetes care. The findings of this review provide a foundation for developing an evidence-informed hearing health monitoring framework and support the integration of hearing health into coordinated person-centred diabetes care pathways.