在vHIT和VEMP正常的临床人群中颅骨振动诱发眼震慢相速度的年龄相关增加：一项回顾性横断面分析

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中文摘要

背景/目的： 颅骨振动诱发眼震（SVIN）是前庭不对称性的可重复标志物，但其在常规检查正常患者中与年龄的关系仍不清楚。我们评估了年龄是否与SVIN的存在及其慢相速度（SVIN-SPV）相关。方法：在这项回顾性横断面分析中，研究了164例有头晕或眩晕且视频头脉冲试验（vHIT）和VEMP正常的患者（107例SVIN阳性，57例SVIN阴性）。采用逻辑回归检验年龄是否预测SVIN阳性；在107例阳性患者中，通过相关性和多变量线性回归分析SVIN-SPV。结果：年龄不能预测SVIN阳性（比值比1.01/年，p = 0.28），而男性性别可以预测（比值比2.31，p = 0.02）。在阳性患者中，平均SVIN-SPV为3.0°/s，并与年龄相关（r = 0.25，p = 0.009）；年龄是多变量回归中唯一显著的协变量（β = 0.035°/s/年，p = 0.010），且年龄≥60岁的患者表现出更高的SVIN-SPV（p = 0.028）。结论：因此，年龄与SVIN是否存在无关，但一旦存在则与其强度相关，这可能与前庭不对称性或中枢代偿的年龄相关变化相符，尽管其潜在机制未被直接评估；这些发现不应推广至生理性前庭老化。

英文摘要

Background/Objectives: Skull vibration-induced nystagmus (SVIN) is a reproducible marker of vestibular asymmetry, but its relationship with age in patients with normal conventional tests remains unclear. We evaluated whether age is associated with the presence of SVIN and with its slow-phase velocity (SVIN-SPV). Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional analysis, 164 patients with dizziness or vertigo and normal video head impulse test (vHIT) and VEMPs were studied (107 SVIN-positive, 57 SVIN-negative). Logistic regression tested whether age predicted SVIN positivity; among the 107 positive patients, SVIN-SPV was analyzed by correlation and multivariable linear regression. Results: Age did not predict a positive SVIN (odds ratio 1.01 per year, p = 0.28), whereas male sex did (odds ratio 2.31, p = 0.02). Among positive patients, mean SVIN-SPV was 3.0°/s and correlated with age (r = 0.25, p = 0.009); age was the only significant covariate in multivariable regression (β = 0.035°/s per year, p = 0.010), and patients aged ≥60 years showed higher SVIN-SPV (p = 0.028). Conclusions: Thus, age was not associated with whether SVIN was present but with its intensity once present, compatible with possible age-related changes in vestibular asymmetry or central compensation, although the underlying mechanism was not directly assessed; these findings should not be generalized to physiological vestibular aging.